镉锌超积累植物伴矿景天产后鲜样快速处置技术  

Rapid disposal technology for fresh biomass of harvested Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Sedum plumbizincicola

作　　者：王鹏程[1] 胡鹏杰[2] 钟道旭[3] 陈亚华[1] 吴龙华[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京210095 [2]中国科学院南京土壤研究所中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,南京210008 [3]东南大学能源与环境学院能源热转换及其过程测控教育部重点实验室,南京210096

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2017年第9期5307-5312,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0801104);江苏省科技计划(BE2016812;BE2012742);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41325003)

摘　　要：超积累植物伴矿景天(Sedum plumbizincicola)在镉污染农田土壤修复方面有着广泛的应用前景,而收获物的快速减量处置是亟需解决的技术问题之一。将产后伴矿景天鲜样破碎、压榨,得到的残渣可快速晒干,浆液则利用物理、化学方法处理,使出水镉(Cd)浓度降低到相关标准限值以下,实现安全排放。主要考察了不同榨汁率下残渣干燥时间,以及不同絮凝剂、pH值、重金属捕获剂等因素对浆液中Cd去除率的影响,以获得最优的处理方案。结果表明,伴矿景天鲜样经破碎、压榨处理后,晒干时间从半个月以上降低至2~6 d,投加质量比分别为0.3%的聚合氯化铝(PAC)、0.1%的NaOH、0.05%的三巯三嗪钠盐(TMT,重金属捕捉剂)处理后,浆液Cd浓度由1.98 mg·L^(-1)降至0.066 mg·L^(-1),低于《国家污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)0.1 mg·L^(-1)的限值。Sedum plumbizincicola,a kind of hyperaccumulators,is promising to be used in the phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soils. However,the volume reduction disposal of fresh biomass harvested after remediation is one of the urgent technical problems to be solved. Fresh biomass of S. plumbizincicola was cut and crushed to get residue and sap. Then the residue was dried quickly and the sap was treated using physical and chemical methods to make sure that the effluent Cd concentration was under corresponding standard limits. The effect of different flocculant,pH value and heavy metal capture agent on the removal rate of Cd from sap was investigated,and the optimal treatment method was obtained. The results show that after being cut and crushed,the dry time of fresh biomass decreased from half month to（2 to 6） days. By adding 0. 3% poly aluminium chloride（PAC）,0. 1% NaOH,0. 05% trimercaptotriazine（TMT）,the Cd concentration of effluent decreased from1. 98 mg·L^-1to 0. 066 mg·L^-1,lower than 0. 1 mg·L^-1,the limited value of the National Wastewater Comprehensive Discharge Standard（GB 8978-1996）.

关 键 词：伴矿景天 收获物 鲜样 镉 水处理 快速处置 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]