聚丙烯酰胺对紫色土坡地耕作位移及土壤结构的影响  

Impacts of Polyacrylamide(PAM)on Tillage Translocation and Soil Structural Stability on Purple Soil Slope

作　　者：王勇 李富程[2] 汪璇[1] 刘静[1] 杨威[1] 王刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学水利水电学院,四川雅安625014 [2]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2017年第4期51-56,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：四川省教育厅自然科学基金项目(17ZB0343);国家自然科学基金项目(41401301)

摘　　要：为了采用化学措施防治坡地耕作侵蚀,以紫色土典型坡耕地为研究对象,采用磁性示踪和模拟耕作等技术研究了聚丙稀酰胺(PAM)后不同坡度(5°,10°,15°,20°,25°)坡地耕作位移和土壤团聚体结构稳定性的影响。结果表明:(1)添加PAM后不同坡度坡地耕作位移均明显低于对照(未添加PAM),其中在20°和25°坡面显著减少了49.16%和67.96%;(2)与对照相比,土壤中添加PAM后<0.25mm非水稳定性团聚体含量在5°,10°,15°,20°,25°坡度分别减少了33.74%,46.67%,37.56%,52.70%,62.50%,不同坡度土壤团聚体结构破坏率(PAD)平均降低了60.05%,而平均质量直径(MWD)和平均几何直径(GMD)值分别增加了41.94%和55.09%;(3)耕作位移量与PAD值呈显著的正线性相关性,而与MWD和GMD值呈负线性相关性(P<0.05)。坡地土壤添加PAM后可以有效降低耕作位移量,增强土壤结构稳定性,减少耕作侵蚀。在农业生产中PAM可用于控制较陡(≥20°)坡地的耕作侵蚀。In order to reveal the effect of chemical measures on prevent tillage erosion of sloping fields in purple soil, the impacts of polyacrylamide （PAM） on soil structural stability and tillage translocation were studied in the plots with five slope degrees as 5°, 10°, 15°, 20° and 25° using magnetic tracer and stimulated tillage experiments. The results indicated that： （1） Mean translocation distances of plots added PAM were significantly lower than that of CK （without PAM application） , and the tillage translocation significantly decreased by 49. 16% and 67. 96% on 20° and 25° slope plots, respectively; （2） Compared with CK, the content of non water stable aggregate that less than 0. 25 mm declined by 33. 74%, 46. 67%, 37. 56%, 52.70%, and 62.50% on the 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, and 25° slope plots added PAM, respectively. In the plots added PAM, the percentage of mean aggregate destruction （PAD） decreased by 60.05%, while mean weight diameter （MWD） and mean geometric diameter （MGD） increased by 41. 94% and 55.09%, respectively, compared with CK; （3） Tillage translocation was positively linear correlated with PAD, while was negatively correlated with MWD and MGD （P〈0. 05）. These results suggested that the application of PAM could effectively reduce tillage translocation, enhance soll structure stability, and reduce soil erosion. PAM can be used to control tillage erosion on the steep slope （over 20°）.

关 键 词：聚丙稀酰胺(PAM) 耕作位移 团聚体结构破坏率(PAD) 平均质量直径(MWD) 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]