Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)单一与复合污染对脊尾白虾的急性毒性效应研究  

Single and joint acute toxic effects of cadmium and lead on Palaemon carincauda

作　　者：谢嘉[1,2,3] 滕佳[1,3] 刘永亮[1,2] 杨顶珑[1,3] 曹瑞文[1,3] 陈丽竹[1,3] 王清[1] 李斐[1] 吉成龙[1] 吴惠丰[1] 丛明[1] 赵建民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所牟平海岸带环境综合试验站,山东烟台264003 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋科学》2017年第5期27-33,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-14);中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室开放基金(KLMEES201301)~~

摘　　要：近年来,中国近岸重金属污染问题日趋严重。作者通过研究重金属Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)对脊尾白虾(Palaemon carincauda)的单一及复合急性毒性效应,为其养殖水质管理提供科学依据。本研究采用半静态急性毒性测定方法,开展了不同浓度Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)对脊尾白虾96 h内的急性毒性试验。研究结果表明:在单一污染物暴露下,Cd^(2+)对脊尾白虾24、48、72、96 h的半数致死质量浓度(LC50)分别为138.699、33.110、9.719、3.650 mg/L,Pb^(2+)对脊尾白虾48、72、96 h的LC50分别为254.541、62.750、29.074 mg/L;Cd^(2+)、Pb^(2+)对脊尾白虾96 h的安全质量浓度分别为0.365和2.907 mg/L;在等浓度配比(1︰1)暴露下,Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)复合污染对目标生物在48、72、96 h暴露期间的毒性相加指数(additive index,AI)分别为0.155、0.068、0.258。综上所述,Cd^(2+)对脊尾白虾的毒性较Pb^(2+)更强,Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)对脊尾白虾的复合污染均表现出较明显的协同作用。The presence of heavy metals in the coastal environment has been of great concern due to their non-biodegradable nature. This study aims to investigate single and joint acute toxic effects of Cd2＋ and Pb2＋ on Palaemon carincauda and provides the basis for the water quality management of aquaculture. The effects of dif-ferent concentrations of Cd2＋ and Pb2＋ on P. carincauda within 96 h were investigated by using the semistatic acute toxicity test. The results showed the following： （1） The 24, 48, 72 and 96 h median lethal concentrations （LC50） of Cd2＋ on P. carincauda were 138.699, 33.110, 9.719 and 3.650 mg/L, respectively, and the 48, 72 and 96 h LC50 of Pb2＋ were 254.541, 62.750 and 29.074 mg/L, respectively. The 96 h safety concentrations （SC） of Cd2＋ and Pb2＋ on P. carincauda were predicted to be 0.365 mg/L and 2.907 mg/L, respectively; （2） At a concentration ratio of 1︰1, the additive index values for Cd2＋ and Pb2＋ were 0.155, 0.068, and 0.258 during the experiment time of 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. These results indicated that Cd2＋ presented higher toxicity toward the shrimps than Pb2＋. Joint toxic effects of Cd2＋ and Pb2＋ demonstrated synergistic effects during the experimental period.

关 键 词：Cd2+ PB2+ 急性毒性 复合毒性 脊尾白虾(Palaemon carincauda) 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖]