基于多波束声呐的人工鱼礁区地形特征分析  

Terrain character analysis of artificial reefs area based on multibeam echo sounder

作　　者：李东[1,2] 唐诚[1] 邹涛[1] 刘斌[1,2] 侯朝伟 张华 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《海洋科学》2017年第5期127-133,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2015CB453301);山东半岛近岸海域生态模拟试验(270006-FZLX-2015-00-1);中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-14)~~

摘　　要：建设人工鱼礁(Artificial Reef,AR)是恢复和养护近海渔业资源的重要措施。尽管中国沿海各地人工鱼礁规模宏大,但对于鱼礁投放后的监测明显不足。传统调查方法存在效率低、成本高等缺点,多波束测深系统(Multibeam Echo Sounder,MBES)为探测鱼礁区地形地貌提供了一种有效的技术手段。本文利用高分辨率的多波束测深系统,获取礁区详细的测深数据,快速确定鱼礁位置、形态等信息;应用地形分析工具提取地形变量(坡度、曲率、粗糙度、地形耐用指数及地形起伏度),分析投石后海底地形特征。研究表明,礁石投放后海底地形发生显著变化(水深5~10 m),礁石发生沉降现象(下沉深度约0.45 m),礁石周围出现冲淤地形(礁石堆高1.65 m,影响范围5 m左右)。分析人工鱼礁引起的微地形地貌的变化,可以为鱼礁的监测与效果评估工作提供一种新的技术方法,具有较强的现实意义。Artificial reef （AR） construction is an important measure to restore coastal fishery resources and improve ecological environment of the coastal waters. Large-scale ARs have been built in selected areas near the coastline in our country. However, few studies have examined ARs status after deployment. Traditional survey methods have low efficiency and high cost. The multibeam echo sounder system （MBES） can provide an effective means to detect ARs topography. In this paper, we used MBES to obtain detailed bathymetric data of ARs to identify their location, form and other information. Then topographic variables such as slope, curvature, rugosity, terrain ruggedness index and topographic relief were extracted by using terrain analysis tool to examine the ARs topographic features. The results showed that the seabed terrain changed significantly （depth from 5 to 10 m） after ARs deployed and there were erosion （sinking depth about 0.45 m） and deposition appearance （the ARs height 1.65 m and influence sphere about 5 m） around ARs. It is possible to provide a new technique to analyze the micro topography changes caused by ARs and this could contribute to ARs examination and assessment work which has a strong practical significance.

关 键 词：人工鱼礁 多波束声呐 地形特征 监测 

分 类 号：S953.1[农业科学—水产养殖]