东北地区典型暴雨个例的水汽输送特征分析  

Analysis of Water Vapor Transport Characteristics of Typical Rainstorm Cases in Northeast China

作　　者：马梁臣 孙力[2] 王宁 

机构地区：[1]长春市气象局,长春130051 [2]吉林省气象科学研究所,长春130062 [3]吉林省气象服务中心,长春130062

出　　处：《高原气象》2017年第4期960-970,共11页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40633016;40575047);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006006)

摘　　要：利用NCEP 1°×1°的GDAS资料同时引入基于拉格朗日方法的轨迹模式(HYSPLIT v4.9),选取了东北地区2009年6月27日至7月1日的冷涡暴雨个例、2010年8月19-22日切变暴雨个例、2013年8月14-17日气旋暴雨个例和2012年8月27-30日的台风暴雨个例,模拟计算了四个个例的水汽输送通道以及不同源地的水汽贡献。结果表明:四个暴雨个例的水汽输送通道基本有两支:一支是南海或西太平洋的海上水汽输送,另一支是西北气流的水汽输送。不同天气系统造成的典型暴雨个例的水汽输送特征各有差异。冷涡暴雨个例中,42.1%的水汽贡献来自于西太平洋和南海附近,鄂霍次克海附近的水汽亦有一定的补充,西北气流和海上水汽各约占50%;切变暴雨个例和气旋暴雨个例水汽输送较相近,以西太平洋和南海的水汽输送为主体,西北气流水汽比重减少,另外切变暴雨有局地水汽的贡献;台风暴雨个例中,北太平洋和黄海、渤海水汽是本次台风暴雨水汽主要来源。降水量的大小和分布的密集程度与海上水汽的贡献率密切相关。Using the NCEP GDAS（ 1°×1°） data and the airflowtrajectory model based on the Lagrangian method（ HYSPLIT_4.9）,the cold vortex rainstorm case from June 27 to July 1 in 2009,the shear rainstorm case from August 19 to 22 in 2010,the cyclone rainstorm case from August 14 to 17 in 2013 and the typhoon rainstorm case from August 27 to 30 in 2012 were selected in Northeast China. The variation features of the water vapor transport passages and the contribution rate of water vapor from different sources of these four rainstorms were simulating calculated. Results showthat there are basically two water vapor transport channels in the four rainstorm cases,one comes from South China Sea or the western Pacific,the other is the northwest flow. The characteristics of typical rainstorms in different weather systems are different. In the case of cold vortex,42.1%of the water vapor contribution comes from the western Pacific and the South China Sea,and the water vapor near the Okhotsk Sea is also supplemented. The northwest airflowand the sea water vapor account for about50%. The heavy rain of shear is similar with cyclone. The West Pacific and South China Sea passages of water vapor transportation account for the main part and the decreasing proportion of water vapor is from northwest. In the case of shear rainstorm,a small percentage comes from local areas. In the typhoon rainstorm,the main source of water vapor is from North Pacific,YellowSea and Bohai Sea. The magnitude and distribution of precipitation are closely related to the contribution rate of sea water vapor.

关 键 词：东北地区 典型暴雨 水汽输送 HYSPLIT 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]