山区开采沉陷地表移动变形规律  

Law of surface movement and deformation of mining subsidence in mountain area

作　　者：白光宇[1] 张德强[1] 张进德[1] 田磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081

出　　处：《辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第7期684-688,共5页Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science)

摘　　要：为研究山区煤炭资源采空区地表沉陷移动规律,提高山区矿山地质环境影响评价工作精度,采用对塌陷地层工程地质条件、塌陷过程模拟再现的实验的方法,研究模拟地层及地表塌陷变形规律.研究结果表明:山区采空塌陷下沉曲线拐点位置会向山坡上升方向偏移,地表裂缝大小和分布特征与地表凹凸变化有关,地面坡度、表土层厚度和性质决定地表移动变形的大小和剧烈程度.研究结论初步得出地表岩层呈现出L型断裂的条件有利于指导煤矿安全开采,提出的地下采空区地表移动变形规律有助于支撑矿山地质环境保护与恢复治理.To study the movement principles of earth surface in mining subsidence area and improve accuracy of geological environment evaluation in mines, this paper conducted simulation experiments to reappear the subsidence engineering geological conditions of the strata and the process of surface collapse. The result shows that the location of turning point of subsidence curve in mountain area tends to move towards the upper direction of the hill. At the same time, the size and distribution of ground fissure have a relation to the changes of surface concave-convex. What＇s more, the scale and degree of surface movement deformation are decided by surface slope, thickness and features of surface soil. Our preliminary conclusion suggests that the L-shape fissure in surface rock stratum is benefitial for mine exploitation while the movement and deformation principles of earth surface in goaf proposed in this paper can help the protection and restoration of geological environment in mine area.

关 键 词：矿山地质环境 采煤沉陷 变形模拟 地表变形 保护与恢复治理 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]