直接三氟甲硫基化试剂及方法的研究进展  

Recent Progress on Direct Trifluoromethylthiolating Reagents and Methods

作　　者：张盼盼[1] 吕龙[1] 沈其龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]有机氟化学重点实验室中国科学院上海有机化学研究所中国科学院大学,上海200032

出　　处：《化学学报》2017年第8期744-769,共26页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(Nos.21625206;21632009;21372247;21572258;21572259;21421002);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(No.XDB20000000)资助~~

摘　　要：三氟甲硫基脂溶性高、吸电子能力强,将其引入药物分子中可以改变分子药代动力学以及物理化学特性,提高代谢稳定性.含三氟甲硫基的分子在医药、农药、材料以及含氟日用品等领域得到了广泛的应用.因此,如何高效地向分子中引入三氟甲硫基团成为了近些年来有机氟化学领域的一个研究热点.经过几年的研究,新的三氟甲硫基化试剂及方法得到了快速的发展,为药物化学家提供了方便简洁地引入三氟甲硫基团的工具箱.在本篇综述中,将首先简要介绍间接引入三氟甲硫基团的方法,随后将对直接引入三氟甲硫基团的方法,尤其是近些年来发展的过渡金属催化、亲电三氟甲硫基化以及自由基类型的三氟甲硫基化方法做着重的介绍.最后将对三氟甲硫基化领域存在的问题和难点进行简要的展望.With a significantly high Hansch＇s hydrophobicity parameter（π=1.44）,electron-withdrawing trifluoromethylthio group（CF3S-） has been considered as one of the most lipophilic substituents and privileged fragments that are able to improve drug molecules＇ pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties such as lipophilicity and metabolic stability.It is well-known that incorporation of the trifluoromethylthio group into small molecules greatly enhances its ability to cross lipid membranes and in vivo absorpotion rate.In addition,the high electronegativity of the trifluoromethylthio group significantly improves the small molecule＇s stablity in acidic environments.Not surprisingly,the trifluoromethylthio group has been of special attention not only from the academia but also from pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry for their use in isostere-based drug design.Development of highly efficient methods for the introduction of the trifluoromethylthio group into small molecules,thereafter,has become a subject of recent focus in the field of organic chemistry.In the early 1960 s,a few methods for the formation of trifluoromethylthioethers were reported,which typically involved halogen exchange of the trichloromethyl-substituted compounds and trifluoromethylation of thiolated substrates.However,the conditions of these methods were harsh and incompatible with many common functional groups.Since 2008,new reagents and methods that were able to efficiently incorporate the trifluoromethylthio group under mild conditions have emerged,that pave the way for the facile introduction of trifluoromethylthio group into site-specific positions of the target molecules.In this review,we will first briefly introduce the indirect strategies for trifluoromethylthiolation including halogen exchange and trifluoromethylation of thiolated substrates,and then focus on the direct trifluoromethylthiolation strategies including the transition metal-catalyzed trifluoromethylthiolation reactions,electrophilic trifluoromethylthiolation rea

关 键 词：三氟甲硫基化 有机氟化学 间接法 直接法 

分 类 号：TQ421.12[化学工程]