丧偶与老年人主观幸福感研究:性别差异与城乡差异分析  

Widowhood and the Subjective Well-being of Elderly:Analysis of Gender and Location Difference

作　　者：程新峰[1,2] 姜全保[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安工业大学经济管理学院,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《人口与发展》2017年第4期59-69,79,共12页Population and Development

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"人口普查质量评估理论创新研究"(项目编号:15ZDB136)

摘　　要：中国持续下降的生育率以及老年人寿命的延长,使得中国已经快速进入老龄化社会。丧偶是老年生活中的重大压力事件和必然事件,影响老年人的主观幸福感,丧偶老年人已成为中国社会中的弱势群体。基于2013年中国综合社会调查数据,利用倾向值得分匹配方法,解决了模型内生性问题,考察了丧偶对老年人主观幸福感的影响。利用分性别、分城乡老年样本,考察了丧偶对老年人主观幸福感影响的性别差异性和城乡差异性。丧偶大大降低了老年人的主观幸福感;丧偶对老年女性主观幸福感的影响显著,对老年男性主观幸福感影响不显著;丧偶对城市老年人主观幸福感的影响显著,对农村老年人主观幸福感的影响不显著。With the continuously declining birth rate and the increasing lifetime of the elderly, China is rapidly entering into the aging society. Widowhood, as a major pressing and inevitable event, affects the subjective well - being of older people and makes them the vulnerable group in society. Based on the 2013 Chinese General Social Survey, the current study, using the PSM （Propensity Score Matching） method to solve endogenous problem of the model, examines the effect that the widowhood have on older people and explores the gender difference and location difference （urban and rural areas ）. It is concluded that the widowhood will awfully lower the subjective well -beings of the older people. The female have been influenced more deeply by the widowhood than the male;meanwhile, older people in urban areas are more likely to be influenced by widowhood than people in rural areas.

关 键 词：丧偶 主观幸福感 倾向值匹配法 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]