清代东北驻防官兵装备与操演枪械状况考——基于咸丰二年军兴以前的研究  

Study on The Army's Firearms Equipments And Training Problems of Northeast Region During The Qing Dynasty

作　　者：付永正[1] 

机构地区：[1]长春师范大学满族文化研究所,吉林长春130032

出　　处：《贵州文史丛刊》2017年第3期45-52,共8页GUIZHOU CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL JOURNAL

基　　金：长春师范大学社会科学基金科研平台建设计划项目"清代东北八旗驻防与国家安全研究--以<珲春副都统衙门档>满汉文档案为中心"阶段性成果;项目编号:长师大社科合字【2015】第012号

摘　　要：清代向来重视武备,视整军讲武为军政要务。为利于战阵中克敌制胜,部分清军较早就装备了火枪等枪械。顺康年间,清军在抗击沙俄侵略的军事行动前后,已渐次加强了东北驻防八旗官兵的枪械装备,基本形成了满洲八旗官兵以习练弓马骑射为主,汉军八旗、鸟枪营等以操用鸟枪为主的格局。乾嘉道三朝时,应参战、捕猎等现实需要,东北旗籍官兵开始陆续破除固守弓马骑射观念,对操演施用鸟枪、抬枪等枪械兴趣浓厚。然而,乾嘉二朝皇帝仍以恪守祖宗遗训,谕令八旗官兵以习练弓马骑射技艺为重。The central government of Qing Dynasty attached great importance to the construction of the army, The military equipment and training being regarded as a military and political affairs. In order to defeat the enemy on the battlefield, part of the army is equipped with guns and other firearms earlier. Before and after the military operations against the Czarist Russia aggression, Qing government had gradually strengthened the bannerman group firearms and equipments in the northeast garrison areas. A pattern has been basically formed： the Manchu soldiers main training skills are horse riding and archery, the Han eight banners and gun camps soldiers main training skills are hackbut aiming and shooting. During the reign of emperor Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, In order to meet the needs of the war, hunting and other practical needs, officers and soldiers began to get rid of the old ideas such as horse riding and archery, showed a keen interest in the use of various types of firearms. However, Emperor Qian Long and Emperor Jiaqing had still to abide by the ancestral teachings, ordered the officers and soldiers to practice riding and archery based skills.

关 键 词：清代 东北地区 旗人 枪械 装备操演 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]