聚合分期算法在露天矿中长期生产计划编制中的应用  

Application of Aggregation Staging Algorithm in Medium and Long-term Production Planning of Open Pit

作　　者：贾明涛[1] 吕青海[1] 陈鑫[1] 宋华强[1] JIA Mingtao LV Qinghai CHEN Xin SONG Huaqiang(School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《黄金科学技术》2017年第4期58-64,共7页Gold Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"基于深度学习和距离场的复杂金属矿体三维建模技术"(编号:41572317)资助

摘　　要：露天矿中长期生产计划是在最终境界的基础上确定矿块的开采顺序,以获得最大的总净现值。采用整数规划的方法来求解露天矿生产计划编制问题(OPSP)时,由于实际矿山最终境界内矿块个数太多,构建整数规划模型需要大量的二进制变量,超出了现有求解器的能力,使得问题无法求解。针对这一问题提出矿块聚合和分期求解相结合的启发式算法:将空间上n^3个相邻矿块聚合,然后通过启发式方法,分期次逐渐求解、逐步迭代、更新模型,以减少模型变量和约束。利用VC++编程并调用CPLEX求解器实现该算法,应用于某铜矿,实现了长期计划的自动编制。结果表明:该算法能够显著减少用整数规划法求解OPSP时的变量个数,成百倍地提高解算效率,在较短的解算时间之内得到较优的结果,解决了OPSP因变量规模太大而无法求解的问题,并且能够较好地应用于各种规模矿山的实际生产计划编制工作。Medium and long-term production planning of open pit is based on the optimal final pit,the goal is to find block mining sequence that maximizes the total net present value.The integer programming method can be used to solve the open-pit scheduling problem（OPSP）.However,since realistic models have millions of blocks and constraints,building an integer programming model requires a large number of binary variables,the combinatorial optimization problem of finding the extraction sequence that maximizes the profit is computationally intractable.To solve this problem,the aggregation staging algorithm was present.The block aggregation algorithm is aggregate blocks into larger one according to their geometry relationship to reduce the size of the scheduling problem,and the by stages algorithm the problem is decompose into sub-problem which can be solved gradually by using heuristic method.By using this method,the models variables and constraints can be reduced.The method was implemented using VC＋＋ programming language and CPLEX solver.Mine practical example show that the method can reduce the size of the problem markedly,increase problem solving efficiency hundreds of times,be suitable for various practical OPSP,and can make the schedule in a short time to get a better result.

关 键 词：露天矿 生产计划 整数规划 矿块聚合 分期求解 

分 类 号：TD804[矿业工程—矿山开采]