秦王川湿地盐角草和盐地碱蓬种群的空间格局及其关联性  

Spatial pattern and interspecific association of Salicornia europaea and Suaeda salsa in Qinwangchuan wetland

作　　者：王建良[1] 赵成章[1] 张伟涛[1] 姚文秀[1] 李群[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃省湿地资源保护与产业发展工程研究中心,兰州730070

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第9期2494-2500,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461013,91125014);甘肃省生态学重点学科基金项目资助

摘　　要：植物种群的空间格局及关联性是植物种群生态学特性对环境条件长期适应和选择的结果。在秦王川国家湿地公园盐沼湿地,利用群落学调查法和点格局分析法,按照盐角草(Salicornia europaea)植株密度依次设置高密度Ⅰ(>800株·m^(-2))、中密度Ⅱ(400~800株·m^(-2))和低密度Ⅲ(<400株·m^(-2))3个密度梯度样地,分析了盐角草和盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)种群的空间格局及其关联性。结果表明:随着盐角草植株密度的减小,其植株高度和地上生物量呈逐渐减小的趋势(P<0.05),盐地碱蓬的植株高度和地上生物量呈逐渐增大的趋势(P<0.05);盐角草在样地Ⅰ和Ⅲ中呈不同尺度的聚集分布,聚集尺度由较小尺度向小尺度过渡,在样地Ⅱ中所有尺度上呈聚集分布;盐地碱蓬在样地Ⅰ所有尺度上呈聚集分布,在样地Ⅱ和Ⅲ的聚集分布由较小尺度向中尺度过渡;在样地Ⅰ中,盐角草和盐地碱蓬之间表现为负相关和不相关(P<0.05),在样地Ⅲ中表现为不相关,在样地Ⅱ中从负相关过渡到正相关(P<0.05)。湿地植物密度调控机制影响下的非对称竞争关系,引起群落优势物种发生更替,反映了植物适应环境变化的生活史策略。The spatial pattern and interspecific association of plant population are developed as a result of the longterm adaptation and selection of the ecological characteristics of plant population to environmental conditions. The spatial pattern and interspecific association of Salicornia europaea and Suaeda salsa were studied by using phytosociological methods and point pattern analysis in Qinwangchuan National Wetland Park. According to the density of S. europaea, the plots were divided into three density levels： high density （I, 〉800 plants·m^-2）, medium density （II, 400-800plants·m^-2）, and low density （III, 〈400 plants·m^-2）. The results showed that, with the decrease of the density of S. europaea, the plant height and aboveground biomass of S. europaea decreased （P〈0.05）, while those of S. salsa increased （P〈0.05）. The S. europaea exhibited clumped distribution from very tiny scale to small scale in Plots I and III, and at all scales in Plots II. The S. salsa exhibited clumped distribution at all scales in Plots I, and from small scale to medium scale in Plots II and III. S. europaeaandS. salsashowed negative and no correlations between each other in Plot I （P〈0.05）, and no correlation in Plot III, and negative to positive correlation in Plot II （P〈0.05）. The asymmetric competition under the regulatory mechanism of plant density in wetland caused the replacement of dominant species, reflecting the life history strategies of plants in adaption to the environment.

关 键 词：空间格局 种间关联 盐角草 盐地碱蓬 盐沼湿地 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]