陕北煤炭开采地区河道生态基流的计算与盈亏分析  

Calculation and profit-loss analysis for the ecological basic flow in the northern Shaanxi coal mining area

作　　者：吴喜军[1,2] 李怀恩[2] 

机构地区：[1]榆林学院建筑工程学院,陕西榆林719000 [2]西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地(西安理工大学),西安710048

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2017年第4期1578-1582,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2014JM2-5063);榆林学院博士科研启动基金项目(16GK07)

摘　　要：陕北地区水资源非常短缺,特别是煤炭开采地区。以窟野河流域为例,首先采用基流比例法、Tenent法和最小月平均流量法分别计算了温家川站的生态基流;其次通过对比分析各种计算结果得出基流推荐值,分析了生态基流的盈缺状况,并探讨了造成生态基流缺失的主要因素。结果表明,窟野河温家川站的年生态基流推荐值为3.50 m^3/s,年内丰水期、平水期、枯水期的推荐值分别为6.00 m^3/s、3.50 m^3/s、2.50 m^3/s。1999年之前生态基流还有很大的盈余,但近些年流量明显减少,4、5、6月平均流量都不能满足生态基流,其中煤炭开采是主要因素之一。This paper takes Kuye River as a sample case study to analyze its profit and loss battle by using the basic flow rate method（ BFR） proposed by the author. For the study purpose,we have first of all studied the ecological basic water current of a river named Wenjiachuan for the different years and seasons to find out its different flowing water volume by using the tenent method and the minimum monthly average flow method（ MAF）. As is well known,the northern part of Shaanxi,especially in the coal mining areas,is extremely poor in water resources,which makes it of great significance to carefully protect and analyze its profitloss situation to save the region ＇s basic ecological water resources. And,finally,through the analysis of calculation results worked out by using various methods,we have brought forward our recommendation and ecological basic flow investigation results of the river. The results of our calculation of the river water volume reveal that： the basic ecological basic flowing volume of the river offered by the BFR method is equal to 1. 42-11. 14 m3/s,whereas that gained with the tenant method is equal to 1. 94-8. 50m3/s. On the other hand,it has been detected to be 2. 95-10. 87m3/s by using the MAF method. Furthermore,in accordance with the comparison and analysis results of the Kuye River＇s ecological basic flow,the recommended value accounts for 3. 50 m3/s,while the calculation results of the water flow volume in the wet season（ July-Oct）,and that of the average season（ Mar-Jun）and the dry season（ Nov-Feb） are roughly equal to 6. 00 m3/s,3. 50 m3/s,2. 50 m3/s,respectively. However,a large surplus had been found before 1999,but from 1999 to 2010,the waterflow volume of the on-spot evaluation and examination has been proved very close with that of the ecological basic flow. For example,the average flow volume from Apr to Jun tends to be smaller than that of the ecological basic flow. The main influential factors that make the river＇s ecological basic flow profit and loss ar

关 键 词：环境学 窟野河 生态基流 盈亏分析 煤炭开采 

分 类 号：X37[环境科学与工程—环境工程]