青海省同德县乔木状甘蒙柽柳的年龄及其生长对环境的响应  

Age of arboreous Tamarix austromongolica and its growth response to environment in Tongde County of Qinghai,China

作　　者：方欧娅 贾恒锋 邱红岩 任海保[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室,北京100093 [2]三峡大学生物与制药学院,湖北宜昌443002

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2017年第7期738-748,共11页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31330015)

摘　　要：青海省同德县高原河漫滩地区存在乔木状的甘蒙柽柳(Tamarix austromongolica),且在即将修建的水电站库区成林分布,引发了学者和公众在其是否属于古树而需要保护以及如何保护问题上的广泛关注。该研究利用树木年轮学方法,调查了水库淹没区和非淹没区中胸径较大的甘蒙柽柳的树龄,分析了甘蒙柽柳的生长历史及其对环境因素的响应。研究发现胸径较大的甘蒙柽柳可由多株合生形成,测量胸径与植株个体年龄之间无直接联系。该地区甘蒙柽柳径向生长量在20世纪70–80年代迅速提升,80年代后生长趋于平稳。甘蒙柽柳的径向生长响应于7、8月份的水分条件,径流的增加在一定程度上促进了甘蒙柽柳的生长。未成熟植株的径向生长与生长季的风速有着显著的负相关关系。研究结果对甘蒙柽柳特殊形态的形成认知具有理论意义,对该树种保护方案的评估具有实践意义。Aims The objectives were to identify the age of the arboreous Tamarix austromongolica in the flood plain area of the Qinghai Plateau and clarify the response patterns of T.austromongolica＇s growth to the environmental factors.We focused on social issues about whether the T.austromongolica should be protected and how to protect in the reservoir area of a hydropower station.Methods In this study,arboreous T.austromongolica in both reservoir submerged and non-submerged areas were sampled and measured based on the dendrochronology method.The ages were estimated based on the geometrical characteristics of the pith and the identified age of the inner ring.The correlation and response analysis showed the relationship between T.austromongolica＇s growth and environmental factors.Important findings We accurately determined the age and historical growth dynamics of the T.austromongolica with large diameter at breast height（DBH）.The results showed a special accretion phenomenon in arboreous T.austromongolica,which accelerated the DBH increasing,i.e.no direct relationship existed between the plants＇ DBH and ages of the individuals.Radial growth of T.austromongolica,increased rapidly in the 1970s and 1980 s and began to stabilize in the late 1980s,and mainly responded to the runoff in July and August of the Yellow River.Increasing runoff would promote the radial growth of T.austromongolica.The growth of the immaturate plant showed significant negative correlation with the wind speed in the growing season.The results will be of theoretical significance to the formation of the special morphology of the T.austromongolica,and will provide scientific practical guidance in designing the protection schemes.

关 键 词：甘蒙柽柳 乔木状 树轮 径流 风速 

分 类 号：S793.5[农业科学—林木遗传育种]