核桃楸种群果核形态及地理变异  

Fruit stone morphology and geographic variation in Juglans mandshurica populations

作　　者：高张莹 张海峰 陈国平[1] 冯小梅[3] 赵铁建[3] 高鑫 石福臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071 [2]黑龙江省林业科学研究所,哈尔滨150040 [3]天津八仙山国家级自然保护区管理局,天津301900 [4]天津市野生动植物保护管理站,天津300074

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年第4期609-615,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家林业局全国重点保护野生植物资源调查项目(20120024002)资助~~

摘　　要：为揭示核桃楸种群果核形态变异及其与地理环境要素间的关系,以东北到华北天然分布的9个核桃楸种群为研究对象,采用相关、回归和聚类等数据处理方法分析其果核长度、横径、棱径、体积和果形指数.结果显示:不同种群间果核性状均存在极显著差异,且各性状的遗传力均大于0.9,表明核桃楸果核形态性状存在着丰富的变异,且受到很强的遗传控制.在种群间和种群内果核体积的变异系数与相对极差均最大,果核宽度值最小,表明体积的变异最大.相关分析表明,果核形态变异主要受经度、温度和相对湿度的影响.基于果核形态指标9个种群的聚类分析表明,各表型性状并未完全按地理距离而聚类.总的来说,果核性状的变异是核桃楸适应不同生境条件的方式之一,且这种变异是不连续的.The variations in fruit stone morphology of Juglans mandshurica populations, and their response to environment factors were studied. The fruit stones of nine natural populations distributed from the northeast to the north China region were collected, and their length, diameter, ridge, volume of fruit stones, and fruit shape index were analyzed using mathematical methods of correlation analysis, regression analysis and cluster analysis. The morphological characteristics of J. mandshurica fruit stones had highly significant differences among different populations, and their heritability were higher than 0.9, which indicated abundant variation of morphological traits subjected to strong genetic control. Both, among populations and within populations, the variation coefficients and relative range of fruit stone volume were the maximum, while the fruit stone width was minimal, indicating that the volume variation was the largest. Correlation analysis showed that the variation of fruit stone morphology was mainly affected by longitude, temperature and relative humidity. The cluster analysis of the fruit stone morphological traits of nine populations indicated that phenotypic traits were not completely in accordance with the geographic distance and clustering. Generally, the variation of fruit stone traits is one of the means for J. mandshurica to adapt to different habitat conditions, and this variation is discontinuous.

关 键 词：核桃楸 天然种群 果核形态 地理变异 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S792.132[农业科学—林木遗传育种]