暴雨径流潜流演变特征及对水源水库水质的影响  

Characteristics of rainstorm flow undercurrent evolution and its influence on water quality of source water reservoir

作　　者：刘日锋 李扬[2] 马卫星[2] 曾康[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安水务(集团)有限责任公司,陕西西安710061 [2]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《供水技术》2017年第4期6-11,16,共7页Water Technology

摘　　要：在汛期降雨期间,对西安市黑河金盆水库进行连续的现场原位水质监测。结果表明:高洪峰流量(入库流量大于1 500 m3/s)入库由底层潜入,潜流影响区域浊度高达3 000 NTU以上。高入库径流潜流破坏了潜流影响区域的水体热分层结构,径流携带的悬浮物质和腐殖质造成潜流影响区域总氮、总磷指标升高。大入库流量(500~1 500 m^3/s)由中部潜入,等温度层潜流强度沿程衰减较快,对主库区影响较小。中低入库流量条件下(小于500 m^3/s),入库径流在中上游河道发生河底潜流,中下游地区高程530~550 m之间发生等温度潜流。虽然中低强度的径流携带的氮磷营养盐相对较低,但在等温度潜流层中明显体现出潜流对水库营养盐分布的影响,潜流水层氮磷营养盐含量都较主库区水体高。Based on the in situ monitoring of water quality during the flood season in Heihe Reservoir of Xi＇ an, results showed that high inflow （ 〉 1 500 m3/s） entered the reservoir as a plunging underflow, leading the bottom water turbidity exceeded 3000NTU. High inflow volumes broke the stratification structure and it carried a large amount of solids and organic matter which increased the total nitrogen, total phosphorus in the undercurrent effect area. Inflow （500 -1 500 m3/s） entered the reservoir as interflow, the density undereurrent decayed along the interflow process, and it had little effect on main reservoir. Under low inflow （ 〈 500 m3/s） condition, underflow occurred in the upstream, density flow occurred in the height of 530 -550 m in the downstream region. Although the low intensity of runoff with low nitrogen and phosphorus, the density flow had obvious influence in this layer and the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition was higher than the reservoir.

关 键 词：水源水库 暴雨径流 异重流 水质 

分 类 号：TU911[建筑科学—建筑理论]