中国仲裁保全和临时措施制度的立法缺位和建议  

作　　者：高文杰 

机构地区：[1]北京市天元律师事务所

出　　处：《北京仲裁》2017年第2期21-41,共21页Beijing Arbitration Quarterly

摘　　要：国内仲裁（1）只有法院对临时措施申请具有审查和裁定权，排除仲裁机构的审查和裁定权；（2）所有在中国境内的仲裁只能是机构仲裁，排除临时仲裁，换言之，仲裁庭无权作出授予临时措施的决定和／或裁定。仲裁地在港澳台的仲裁（1）在对仲裁地在澳门和台湾的仲裁裁决的认可和执行程序中，我国内地法院有权作出临时措施的裁定，但法律没有明确规定，法院是否有权对仲裁地在香港的仲裁裁决作出类似的裁定；（2）法律没有明确规定，仲裁地在港澳台，当事人是否可以在仲裁前和／或仲裁中向我国内地法院申请临时措施；（3）法律同样没有明确规定，仲裁庭在仲裁程序中授予临时措施，不管以决定的形式，还是裁决，此等措施是否可以获得我国内地法院的认可和执行。外国仲裁（1）法律没有明确规定，仲裁地在外国，即使其是《纽约公约》缔约国，当事人是否可以在仲裁前和／或仲裁中向我国法院申请临时措施；（2）法律同样没有明确规定，仲裁庭在仲裁程序中授予临时措施，不管以决定的形式，还是裁决，此等措施是否可以获得我国法院的承认和执行；（3）法律同样没有明确规定，在承认和执行外国（实体）仲裁裁决的程序中，我国法院是否有权授予临时措施。建议针对上述事项，中国司法实践通常会说“不”。在国际实践中，原则上答案是“可以”。基于临时措施的性质及其重要性以及为发展中国的国际仲裁，对中国仲裁法作相应的修订可能是有价值的。Domestic Arbitration： （ 1 ） Only the court has the authorities to review the application for interim measures and grant order, the arbitration institute for administra- tion has none; （2） All the arbitration shall be administrated by the institute, but not be ad hoc, in other words, the arbitral tribunal does not have the power to grant any injunction relief order and/or award. Arbitration in the seat of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan： （1） In the process of recognition and enforcement of the arbitral awardwhich seat of arbitration is placed in Macao and Taiwan, the court in China's Mainland has the power to grant the interim measures, but there is no clear provisions that whether the court also has the power to do so for the Hong Kong arbitral award; （2） It is not clear that, before and/or during the arbitration, if the seat is placed in Hong Kong, Macao or Taiwan, whether the parties areentitled to apply for the interim measures in the court in mainland Chi- na; （3） It is also not clear that whether such measures no matter in the form of order or award granted by the arbitral tribunal during the arbitra- tioncan be recognized and enforced by the court in China's Mainland. Foreign Arbitration： （ 1 ） It is not clear that, before and/or during the arbitration, if the seat is placed in foreign country even it is a contracting state to the New York Convention, whether the parties are entitled to apply for the interim measures in the court in China; （2） It is also not clear that whether such measures no matter in the form of order or award tion can be recognized granted by the arbitral tribunal during the arbitra- and enforced by the court in China; （3） It is further not clear that, during the recognition and entorce- ment of foreign （substantive） award, whether the court in China has the power to grant any provisional relief. Regarding the above issues, the China judiciary practiceis to say NO normally. In the international practice, the answer is YES in princi- ple. I

关 键 词：中国仲裁法 临时措施 国内仲裁 仲裁地在港澳台的仲裁 外国仲裁 

分 类 号：D997.4[政治法律—国际法学]