扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊越冬习性及种群年动态变化规律  

Overwintering habits and population dynamics of Chinese chive gnat Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang in Yangzhou City

作　　者：孔海龙[1] 王成[1] 郑敏圆 毛念[1] 祝树德[1] 张友军[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2017年第4期576-581,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303027);江苏省大学生实践创新训练计划(x2015665);扬州大学科技创新培育基金(2015CXJ045)

摘　　要：为探明扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang越冬习性及其种群年动态变化规律,通过田间调查和室内测定对2014—2015年扬州市杭集镇韭菜田韭菜迟眼蕈蚊的越冬时间、抗寒能力及种群年动态变化规律进行了研究。结果表明:扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊主要以4龄幼虫虫态、以韭菜鳞茎内为场所进行越冬,越冬起止时间为12月初至次年3月中旬;越冬之前、越冬前期、越冬中期,幼虫的过冷却点分别为-5.5、-6.6和-7.8℃,均低于当地当年冬季的月最低温度-3.5℃,表明韭菜迟眼蕈蚊在扬州市能顺利越冬;单层、双层棚内越冬幼虫的发育进度观察发现,越冬幼虫可顺利发育至成虫,表明扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊以休眠方式越冬。扬州市韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫在3—6月、9—11月中旬各有3个高峰,夏季虫量较少。To investigate the overwintering habits and population dynamics of Chinese chive gnat Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang in Yangzhou City, the overwintering time, cold resistance and annual population dynamics of B. odoriphaga were investigated in the leek field of Hangji Town of Yangzhou City from 2014 to 2015. The results showed that B. odoriphaga overwintered with 4th instar larvae in leek bulbs from early December to coming mid-March. The supercooling point of larvae from different overwintering stages were- 5.54, -6.56 and- 7.81 ~C, respectively, which were lower than the mini- mum temperature of the whole winter in 2015, indicating that they could successfully overwinter in Yangzhou City. Wherever the larvae overwintered in the single or double layer greenhouses, they could successfully develop to adults, suggesting that B. odoriphaga was dormant in winter in Yangzhou City. The monitoring results of adults in the whole year indicated that there were three adult peaks from March to June and from September to mid-November, and one valley in summer, respectively.

关 键 词：韭菜迟眼蕈蚊 越冬 过冷却点 休眠 成虫高峰 

分 类 号：S436.33[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]