异丙醇钛控制水解的小角X射线散射  

Controlled hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide by small angle X-ray scattering

作　　者：杜倩倩[1] 谷景华[1] 默广[2] 魏彦茹[2] 殷文杰[1] 李甲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]中国科学院高能物理研究所,北京100039

出　　处：《化工学报》2017年第9期3607-3615,共9页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178017)~~

摘　　要：由金属醇盐水解制备溶胶的方法已广泛应用于溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米孔无机膜,但对金属醇盐水解机理的认识十分有限。通过控制异丙醇钛[Ti(i-OC_3H_7)4]在异丙醇(i-C_3H_7OH)中水解制备TiO_2溶胶,利用小角X射线散射(SAXS)方法研究了由不同H_2O/Ti(i-OC_3H_7)4的反应混合物[Ti(i-OC_3H_7)4:H_2O:i-C_3H_7OH=1:m:30(摩尔比)]形成TiO_2溶胶的过程,探讨了控制Ti(i-OC_3H_7)4水解的过程中胶粒形成与长大的规律。研究结果表明,所合成的TiO_2溶胶的胶粒粒径小于10 nm,胶粒的形成和长大与H_2O/Ti(i-OC_3H_7)4摩尔比密切相关。H_2O/Ti(i-OC_3H_7)4(摩尔比)≥2.0时,随着H_2O/Ti(i-OC_3H_7)4增加,溶胶的稳定性下降。Metal oxide sols can be prepared from metal alkoxides by hydrolyzation, which has been widely used in synthesis of nano-porous ceramic membranes by sol-gel method. However, the knowledge on hydrolysis mechanism of metal alkoxides is very limited. In this paper, TiO2 sols were prepared by controlled hydrolyzation of titanium isopropoxide [Ti（i-OC3H7）4] in isopropanol（i-C3H7OH）. The formation of TiO2 sols from the initial reactant mixtures with different molar ratios of H2O/Ti（i-OC3H7）4 [Ti（i-OC3H7）4：H2O：i-C3H7 OH = 1：m：30] was charterized by small angle X-ray scattering（SAXS）. The mechanism of formation and growth of colloidal particles is discussed. TiO2 sol with a particle size less than 10 nm can be obtained. The formation and growth of colloidal particles are remarkably influenced by the molar ratio of H2O/Ti（i-OC3H7）4. When the molar ratio of H2O/Ti（i-OC3H7）4 ≥ 2.0, the stability of TiO2 sol decreases with the molar ratio of H2O/Ti（i-OC3H7）4 increasing.

关 键 词：异丙醇钛水解 SAXS TIO2溶胶 粒度分布 稳定性 胶粒形状 

分 类 号：O648.1[理学—物理化学]