“嘉禾”符瑞对元魏政治的影响——以北魏承明元年齐州“嘉禾”事件为例  

The Influence of Good Omen “Jia he” on the Politics of the Northern Wei Dynasty-Take “Jia he” Case in the First Year of Cheng Ming,the Northern,Wei Dynasty as an Example

作　　者：周能俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史地理研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《宁夏社会科学》2017年第5期202-208,共7页NingXia Social Sciences

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金第61批面上资助(项目编号:2017M611437);2017年度教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(项目编号:17YJCZH271)

摘　　要：中古时期的"嘉禾"符瑞是中原农耕文明对农作物异常现象的神秘主义理解。北魏承明元年,齐州刺史武昌王平原为博取家族政治利益进献"嘉禾",利用"嘉禾"符瑞的特殊含义帮助冯太后与孝文帝渡过了弑杀献文帝的政治危机。平原之所以得以操弄符瑞谋取私利,是与北魏前期帝王对灾异符瑞的极端迷信以及元魏中后期帝王对儒学与谶纬符瑞灾异等的重视是分不开的。整个元魏统治时期,操弄"嘉禾"等灾异符瑞影响国家政治的事件多有发生,且大部分操弄者均具有深厚的儒学及谶纬符瑞灾异之学背景。而元魏国家频繁出现"嘉禾"符瑞,也反映了元魏国家逐渐由游牧文化向中原农耕文化转变的历史进程。The good omen ＂Jia he＂ of the Middle Ages was an understanding of the mysticism of agricultural culture on crop anomalies. In the first year of ChengMing of the Northern Wei Dynasty, Pingyuan reported the good omen ＂Jia he＂ in order to gain the family polit- ical advantage. Using the special meaning of this event helped the Wenming queen and the Xiaowen emperor through the political crisis that killed the Xianwen emperor. He was able to pursue his own interests, which was related to the extreme superstitions of the emper- ors in the early days, and the gaze of later emperors. This was a time when the events that affected national politics were also occur- ring, and most of the manipulators had deep academic backgrounds. The frequent appearance of good omen ＂Jia he＂ in Northern Wei Dynasty reflected historical courses of transforming from nomadic culture to farming？ culture？ of？ the Central Plains.

关 键 词：嘉禾 符瑞 元魏 工具 国家政治 

分 类 号：K239.21[历史地理—历史学]