3种微灌砂过滤器水动三向阀性能比较试验研究  

Comparative experiment on performance of three hydrodynamic three-way valves in micro-irrigation sand filter

作　　者：蔡九茂[1] 李莉[2] 翟国亮[1] 吕谋超[1] 邓忠[1] 许睿[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453002 [2]新乡职业技术学院材料工程系,河南新乡453000 [3]河南科技学院信息工程学院,河南新乡453000

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2017年第7期596-601,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(Y2016PT33)

摘　　要：为了研究不同水动三向阀对砂石过滤器进行过滤和反冲洗过程切换的影响,通过对市场上常用的2种进口水动三向阀和国内自主生产的水动三向阀进行试验对比,测试了3种阀门过滤和反冲洗条件的水头损失、启闭时间、最小切换压力等参数.测试结果表明:不同阀门过滤和反冲洗条件下的水头损失差异具有统计学意义,建立了3种阀门正向过滤和反向反冲洗过程的水头损失和流量的回归模型,符合幂函数关系;国产阀门在水损控制上与进口阀门差异不大;在60~350 k Pa条件下进行3种阀门启闭时间和最小切换压力试验,测得3种阀门正向切换时间均长于反向切换时间,且单腔结构三向阀的启闭时间要长于双腔结构阀门,而国产三向阀在材料和精度上的不足导致阀门在启闭时间和最小切换压力两方面均落后于进口阀门.试验数据对实际应用中阀门选型及灌溉规划设计能够提供一定的数据参考.The hydraulic three-way valve is one of the core component of a sand filter and can affect swit-ching process between filtration and backwashing. Two kinds of imported and commonly used hy- draulic three-way valve on the market and one backwashing valve designed and made in China were chosen for experimental study. The parameters such as valve head loss, opening and closing times, minimum pressure for switching filtration and backwashing process were measured. The results show that the difference in head loss under filtration and backwashing conditions is statistically significant for three kinds of valve. The experimental hydraulic loss-flow rate data were fitted with a power law, and the corresponding regression models were established. It was shown that the domestically made valve exhibits little difference in the hydraulic loss in comparison with the imported valves. The opening and closing times, minimum pressure for switching process were tested at 60 -350 kPa pressures. It was indicated that the forward switching time is always longer than the reverse switching time, the opening and closing times for the single cavity structure valve （A） are longer than those for the double cavity structure valves （B,C）. Unfortunately, because the domestic three-way valve was made with ordinary material and had been manufactured less accurately, its measured parameters are all poorer than the imported valves. The test data provide a certain reference for a practical application in valve selection and irrigation planning.

关 键 词：水动三向阀 介质过滤器 水头损失 反冲洗 换向阀 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]