基于APACHE SPARK与NLTK的针灸文献词频统计及对比分析  

Word Frequency Statistics and Comparative Analysis of Acupuncture Literature based on APACHE SPARK and NLTK

作　　者：唐文超[1] 肖彬[1] 温佩彤 吕若云 宁可[2] 杨华元[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学针灸推拿学院,上海201203 [2]上海中医药大学基础医学院,上海201203

出　　处：《中华中医药学刊》2017年第9期2263-2267,共5页Chinese Archives of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81403469);教师发展专业工程2015上海高校青年骨干教师国内访问学者计划项目

摘　　要：目的:总结近30年来美国国立医学图书馆(NLM)医学文献分析和联机索引(MEDLINE)收录的针灸文献,通过词频分析针灸科研的现状。方法:以10年为一个检索时间段,将所有针灸文献分为3组,通过APACHE SPARK与自然语言工具包(NLTK)统计每组文献的前50位热门词频,对比每组热门词频的异同,分析各时间段的研究侧重点。结果:急症与疼痛为针灸科研领域持续关注的病种,除传统针刺外,电针、激光针灸与耳针同样受到重视。随着时间的推移,针灸科研的热门方向从神经系统的调节作用逐渐扩大至对骨骼、呼吸、心血管系统以及精神状态干预作用。同时随机对照、定量化实验的普及、Meta分析等新型分析方法的引入也为针灸临床提供了可靠的依据。结论:针灸科研经历了研究方法由简易转向严谨,病种侧重由狭窄转向广泛的转变,这样的改变加速了中医国际化、现代化进程,该统计方法也为中医文献研究提供了有益的参考。Objective： To summarize acupuncture literature collected in the MEDLINE of the National Library of Medicine（ NLM） in recent 30 years and analyze the present situation of acupuncture research by word frequency. Method：Acupuncture literature in recent 30 years were divided into three groups according to a 10-year search period. APACHE SPARK and Natural Language Toolkit（ NLTK） were used to count the top 50 popular word frequency in each group,compare the similarities,differences and analyze the research emphases of each group. Result： Acute and pain are the diseases constantly focused by acupuncture researchers. In addition to the traditional acupuncture,the electro-acupuncture,laser acupuncture and auricular acupuncture also received the attention. With the passage of time,the popular direction of acupuncture research gradually expanded from the regulation of the nervous system to intervention of bone,breathing,cardiovascular system and mental state. At the same time,the popularization of randomized control and quantitative experiments,the introduction of new analytical methods such as Meta-analysis to provide a reliable basis for clinical acupuncture. Conclusion： Acupuncture research has gone from simple to rigorous,focused diseases shift from narrow to wide,which has accelerated the process of internationalization and modernization of Chinese traditional medicine. This statistical method also provides a useful reference for literature research of traditional Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：针灸文献 词频 APACHE SPARK NLTK 

分 类 号：R245[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]