海洋平台井喷含硫天然气扩散危险区域研究  

Research on dangerous region of H_2S-containing natural gas diffusion resulting from offshore platform blowout

作　　者：杨冬冬[1] 陈国明[1] 师吉浩 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2017年第8期114-120,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家工信部第七代超深水钻井平台创新专项;中国石油大学(华东)研究生创新工程资助项目(YCX2017054)

摘　　要：针对海洋酸性气田开采过程中含硫天然气井喷失控扩散问题,采用CFD方法建立井喷含硫天然气扩散后果预测与评估模型。综合考虑天然气爆燃与硫化氢毒害风险因素,对不同场景条件下的含硫天然气扩散过程开展数值模拟,研究硫化氢浓度、风向、风速等因素对含硫天然气扩散行为的影响,预测和评估天然气扩散所形成的危险区域和硫化氢气体扩散所形成的毒害范围。研究表明:随着硫化氢浓度的增加,燃爆区域无明显变化,而毒害区域明显增加;船艉来风导致的事故后果最为严重,左、右舷来风有利于危险气体的扩散与消散;风速越大,燃爆区域和毒害区域范围越小,但是在船艏来风且风速较大的工况下,硫化氢气体竖直扩散距离降低且逐渐贴近生活区,容易造成作业人员中毒事故的发生。Aiming at the problem of H 2 S-containing natural gas diffusion resulting from out-of-control blowout in the exploita-tion process of offshore sour gas field,a model was established by using the CFD method to predict and evaluate the diffusion consequence of H2 S-containing natural gas. The numerical simulation on diffusion process of H2 S-containing natural gas un-der different scene conditions was carried out with comprehensively considering the risk factors of natural gas combustion and explosion and the toxic hazard of H2 S. The influence of H2 S concentration,wind direction,wind speed and other factors on the diffusion behavior of H2 S-containing natural gas was studied,and the dangerous region formed by natural gas diffusion and the toxic hazardous range formed by H2 S diffusion were predicted and evaluated. The results showed that the combustion and explosion region had no obvious change with the increase of H2 S concentration,while the toxic hazardous region in-creased obviously. The accident consequence caused by the wind coming from the stern was the most serious,while the wind coming from the larboard or starboard was helpful for the diffusion and dissipating of dangerous gas. The larger the wind speed,the smaller the ranges of the combustion and explosion region and the toxic hazardous region. However,under the condition of high speed wind coming from the bow,the vertical diffusion distance of H 2 S decreased and was gradually close to the living area,which is easy to cause the poisoning accidents of workers.

关 键 词：海洋平台 井喷 天然气 硫化氢 FLACS 

分 类 号：X93[环境科学与工程—安全科学]