83家井工煤矿在岗农民工尘肺病现状调查及预防对策研究  

Current situation investigation and prevention and control countermeasures of pneumoconiosis for peasant workers on the post in 83 underground coal mines

作　　者：樊晶光[1] 王雪涛[1] 王海椒[1] 张建芳[1] 张岩松[1] 唐艾华[1] 徐洋[1] 冯灵云 张春民[1] 伍家琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家安全生产监督管理总局职业安全卫生研究中心,北京102308

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2017年第8期188-192,共5页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

摘　　要：为调查井工煤矿在岗农民工尘肺病防治现状并提出对策措施,采用分层整群抽样调查方法对4省(市)的83家井工煤矿进行调研,调查内容包括:职业卫生管理现状、职业健康监护与尘肺病诊断资料、X线胸片、农民工基本情况、职业卫生知识知晓情况、社会保险待遇等。调查结果显示:83家井工煤矿的职业病危害防治工作领导小组设置率和管理制度制定率均为100%,但制度内容和职业卫生培训缺乏针对性;粉尘危害防治费用平均为吨煤0.18元/月;采煤和掘进工作面的总尘浓度约为1.02~49.5 mg/m3;在岗检查时,农民工肺部异常的检出率高于正式工,在岗农民工疑似尘肺病检出率为7.94%,农民工尘肺病平均发病工龄14.47 a±6.79 a,平均发病年龄42.56岁±5.80岁,与正式工相比,农民工发病工龄短、发病年龄小。因此,建议政府从法规标准建设、探索职业健康责任险、加大监管力度等方面,企业从强化主体责任意识、源头治理及农民工职业卫生培训等方面,加强农民工尘肺病的防治工作。To investigate the current situation of pneumoconiosis for peasant workers on the post in underground coal mine and put forward the prevention and control countermeasures,83 underground coal mines in 4 provinces were investigated u-sing the stratified cluster sampling investigation method. The investigation contents included the management status of occu-pational health,occupational health surveillance,pneumoconiosis diagnosis,X-ray chest radiograph,basic situation of peas-ant workers,awareness of occupational health knowledge,social insurance benefits,etc. The results showed that the setting rate of leading group and the formulation rate of management regulations on occupational hazard prevention and control of 83 underground coal mines were all 100%,but the regulations＆#39; contents and the occupational health training were not targeted. The average cost of dust hazard prevention and control was 0. 18 Yuan / month / tons of coal,and the total dust concentration of coal mining and driving working face was about 1. 02-49. 5 mg / m3 . In the examination on the post,the detection rate of lung abnormality for peasant workers was higher than that of formal workers,and the detection rate of suspected pneumoconiosis for peasant workers on the post was 7. 94% . The average morbidity working-age of pneumoconiosis for peasant workers was 14. 47 ± 6. 79 years,the average morbidity age was 42. 56 ± 5. 80 years old,and compared with the formal workers,the morbidi-ty working-age of peasant workers was short,and the morbidity age was younger. It was suggested that the government should strengthen the construction of regulations and standards,explore the occupational health liability insurance,enhance the su-pervision intensity and so on,and the enterprises should strengthen the main body responsibility sense,source control,occu-pational health training of peasant workers and so on,so as to enhance the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis for peas-ant workers.

关 键 词：煤矿 农民工 尘肺病 检出率 对策 

分 类 号：X928[环境科学与工程—安全科学]