对置活塞二冲程柴油机热平衡和余热可用能分析  

Analysis of Thermal Balance and Waste Heat Exergy for Opposed-Piston Two-Stroke Diesel Engine

作　　者：马富康[1] 苏铁熊[1] 赵振峰[2] 王豪[3] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学机械与动力工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京100081 [3]上海汽车集团股份有限公司乘用车公司,上海200041

出　　处：《中北大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期433-438,445,共7页Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家部委科研基金资助项目(B2220110005)

摘　　要：基于对置活塞二冲程柴油机全工况台架试验,确定其各工况下各子系统的热力学参数.采用热力学第一定律,分析了发动机的热平衡特性,并与传统四冲程柴油机进行了比较;采用热力学第二定律,分析了发动机的余热可用能.结果表明:该发动机在高转速、中负荷时,有效热效率最高;在低转速、低负荷时,冷却项占余热比重较大,但低于传统四冲程柴油机;在高转速、高负荷时,排气项占余热比重较大,高于传统四冲程柴油机.其中,排气余热的可用能较高,最大达排气项能量的67%,具有很大的利用空间;而冷却项可用能较低,利用空间较小.Through the opposed-piston two-stroke diesel full condition bench test, the thermodynamic pa- rameters in each operation condition were determined. The thermal balance was analyzed based on the one law of thermodynamics and compared to the conventional diesel, and the waste heat exergy was analyzed based on the second law of thermodynamics. Results show that. peak of the effective thermal efficiency appears in high-speed and medium-load area; at low-speed and low-load, cooling water accounts for the major part of waste heat energy, and lower than conventional diesel; at high-speed and high- load, exhaust gas energy accounts for the major part of waste heat energy, and higher than conventional diesel. Exhaust gas exergy is larger than cooling water exergy, and the maximum value can reach 67% of exhaust gas energy with great development space.

关 键 词：对置活塞 二冲程柴油机 热平衡 余热可用能 

分 类 号：TK422[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]