土壤紧实度对花生荚果生长发育的影响  

Effects of soil tightness on growing dynamic of peanut pods

作　　者：崔洁亚 侯凯旋[1] 崔晓明[1] 张晓军[1] 邹晓霞[1] 王铭伦[1] 王月福[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学山东省旱作农业技术重点实验室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2017年第4期496-501,共6页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：山东省重大创新项目(2016ZDJS10A02);山东省花生现代产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-04-05);国家花生产业技术体系项目(Nycytx-19)

摘　　要：为明确花生荚果生长发育的适宜土壤紧实度,采用土柱栽培法,设置不同土壤容重处理,研究了不同土壤紧实度对花生荚果生长发育的影响。结果表明,土壤容重过高不利于花生整个生育期果针形成和入土、荚果膨大和干物质积累;容重过低虽相对有利于前期果针形成和入土、荚果膨大和干物质积累,但不利于中后期果针形成和入土,不利于小果的生长;土壤容重过高或过低均造成后期中大荚果数少、体积小和干物质积累少,且小果数量多。适宜的土壤容重(1.2~1.3g/cm^3)在花生整个生育期均有利于果针形成和入土、荚果膨大和干物质积累,后期中大荚果数多、体积大和干物质积累多,且小果数量少。In order to identify the proper soil tightness for peanut pod growth and development,different soil bulk density treatments were designed by using soil column cultivation method,the effects of different soil tightness on pod growth of peanut were studied. The results showed that too high bulk density of soil was not conducive to the formation and drilling in the soil of peanut needles,pod enlargement and dry matter accumulation during the whole peanut growth period. Although soil bulk density was beneficial to the formation and drilling in the soil of peanut needles,pod enlargement and dry matter accumulation in the early growth period,but it was not conducive to the formation and drilling in the soil of peanut needles and small pods growing to large ones in the middle and late stage. Both too high or too low soil bulk density could reduce the number of medium and large pods,and result more small pods,less dry matter accumulation in the late growth stage. The suitable soil bulk density（1. 2-1. 3g/cm3） was beneficial to the formation and drilling in the soil of peanut needles,pod enlargement and dry matter accumulation in the whole growth period of peanut. In the late mature period,it would form more medium and large pods with greater dry matter accumulation and fewer small pods.

关 键 词：花生 土壤容重 荚果 生长发育 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]