海上水基燃烧技术的高可靠性自致燃方法  

Highly Reliable Spontaneous Cause Combustion Method of Marine Water-based Burning Technique

作　　者：刘文鹏[1] 金良安[1] 迟卫[1] 苑志江[1] 蒋晓刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军大连舰艇学院航海系,大连116018

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2017年第24期132-137,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金："十三五"国防预研项目(5131402031;4010403010208)资助

摘　　要：作为海运安全、救援、环境等众多领域具有广阔应用前景的海上水基燃烧新技术,其自致燃的实现一直是瓶颈问题。针对性地提出一种能够适于海水弱碱性环境的高可靠性自致燃方法,即利用"Na+NH_4Cl"的化学反应放热方法;核心思想是利用Na与海水反应生成H_2,并利用NH_4Cl特定的水解改性作用加剧其反应程度,确保所生成的H_2自燃。研究了该方法实现高可靠性自致燃的化学反应原理,给出了专用材料的选取原则、最佳配比以及投掷的组合方式;并经实验表明其具有极高的自致燃成功率。研究结论可为自致燃问题的解决提供可靠的途径,从而使海上水基燃烧这一新技术简便致用。The marine water-based burning new technique has a broad application prospect in marine safety,rescue,environment and many other fields,while its implementation of spontaneous cause combustion has always been the bottleneck problem. Then a highly reliable spontaneous cause combustion method which can be suitable for seawater alkalescence environment is put forward,it＇s a chemical heat release method using specific combination formula of ＂ Na ＋ NH_4 Cl ＂in essence,core idea is using the reaction of Na with seawater to generate H_2,furthermore using the specific hydrolysis and modify acid-base property of NH_4 Cl to intensify the reaction degree,finally ensuring spontaneous combustion of the H_2. The chemical reaction principle that the method realizes highly reliable spontaneous cause combustion is studied,the selection principle of special material,the optimum proportion and throw combination are given,the experiment results show that it has a very high success rate of spontaneous cause combustion. The research conclusion can provide a reliable way to resolve the problem of spontaneous cause combustion,so that the marine water-based burning new technique can be convenient use practically.

关 键 词：安全运输 海洋石油污染 海上水基燃烧技术 自致燃 水解改性 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]