连接蛋白43及相关通道在脊髓损伤中的作用的研究进展  

Advance of connexin 43 and connexin 43-formed channels in the spinal cord injury

作　　者：张双霜 胡霁[1] 黄锦秀[1] 解立杰 刘娇[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院麻醉科,湖北武汉430077

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2017年第24期66-69,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：华中科技大学自主创新研究基金(2016YXZD024)

摘　　要：连接蛋白43是广泛分布于中枢神经系统胶质细胞表面的四次跨膜蛋白,可在相邻细胞间以及细胞与外环境间形成直接物质交换通道——半通道和缝隙连接。脊髓损伤后,连接蛋白43的表达显著上调,同时细胞表面的半通道和缝隙连接大量开放,造成胞内代谢分子丢失以及胞外物质过量进入胞内,从而介导了损伤后的炎性反应、血脊髓屏障损伤以及神经元死亡等重要病理过程的发生发展,并在"二次损伤"中扮演重要角色。通过阻断剂或其他处理方法调节脊髓组织连接蛋白43的表达水平并抑制其相关通道开放后,对脊髓损伤有明显的改善作用。因此,连接蛋白43很可能是治疗脊髓损伤的新靶点,本文将对连接蛋白43介导脊髓损伤的相关机制以及基于连接蛋白43的脊髓损伤治疗方法作一综述。Connexin 43 are integral membrane proteins which span the plasma membrane four times, and widely distributed in the central nervous system. Connexin 43 can form hemi channels and gap junctions which provides a direct cytoplasmic pathway between contacting cells. In the spinal cord injury, the levels of connexin 43 m RNA and protein obviously up-regulated. Also, the permeability of the hemichannels and gap junctions increased, which form a well-known pathway for the release of intracellularmetabolites and the entry of extracellularsubstances, that can play major roles in the secondary injury by the way of aggravating the inflammatory response, disruption of blood-spinal cord barrier, and neuronal death. In addition, the blockers of connexin 43 channels and other methods which regulate the expression of connexin 43 and the permeability of connexin 43 channels can act obvious protective effects in the spinal cord injury. This review discusses the latent injury mechanisms induced by connexin 43 and connexin 43 channels in the spinal cord injury, and relevant treatments on the basis of it.

关 键 词：连接蛋白43 脊髓损伤 炎性反应 血脊髓屏障 神经元死亡 

分 类 号：R614.2[医药卫生—麻醉学]