国内医护人员职业紧张的meta分析  

Meta analysis of occupational stress among medical and nursing staff in China

作　　者：任丽君[1] 李健[2] 杨云凤[1] 刘黎明[1] 李永莉[1] 吴碧华[1] 

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院老年科,四川南充637000 [2]川北医学院预防医学系,四川南充637000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第14期1897-1900,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)评价国内医生与护士的职业紧张度、紧张反应和应对职业紧张的差异。方法计算机检索Pub Med、EMbase、CBM、CNKI、Wan Fang Data、VIP数据库(1998—2015年12月),查找OSI-R评价国内医生与护士职业紧张的横断面研究。按照纳入与排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用Revman 5.2软件进行meta分析。结果最终纳入13个横断面研究,共8 683名医护人员(医生5 306,护士3 377)。Meta分析结果显示:在职业紧张因素方面,医生的职业紧张度高于护士[MD=5.98,95%CI(4.83,7.13),P<0.01],男医生高于女医生[MD=6.73,95%CI(4.06,9.41),P<0.01];在职业紧张反应方面,医生的职业紧张反应强于护士[MD=3.01,95%CI(1.95,4.07),P<0.01],男女医生之间无差异[MD=2.56,95%CI(-0.91,5.31),P>0.05];在应对职业紧张方面,医生应对职业紧张的能力低于护士[MD=-2.33,95%CI(-3.28,-1.38),P<0.01],女医生低于男医生[MD=4.61,95%CI(2.71,6.50),P<0.01]。结论医生的职业紧张度和紧张反应高于护士,应对职业紧张的能力低于护士,男医生的职业紧张度和应对职业紧张的能力高于女医生。[Objective]To evaluate the differences in occupational stress,stress response and ability to cope with occupational stress between doctors and nursing in China by Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition（OSI-R）.[Methods] The databases of Pub Med,EMbase,CBM,CNKI,Wan Fang Data and VIP were electronically searched for the cross-sectional studies on occupational stress among domestic medical and nursing staffs,which were evaluate by OSI-R and published from 1998 to December 2015. Literature screening,data extraction and evaluation on mthodological quality of the included studies were conducted according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.2 software.[Results]A total of 13 cross-sectional studies were involved,including 8 683 medical workers（5 306 doctors and 3 377 nurses）. The results of meta-analysis showed that the degree of occupational stress in doctors was higher than that in nurses [MD =5.98,95% CI（4.83,7.13）,P0.01],while the degree in male doctors was higher than that in female doctors [MD=6.73,95%CI（4.06,9.41）,P〈0.01]. The occupational stress response of doctors was higher than that of nurses [MD=3.01,95%CI（1.95,4.07）,P〈0.01],while there was no significant difference between male and female doctors[MD=2.56,95%CI（-0.91,5.31）,P〉0.05]. As for the ability to cope with occupational stress,the ability of doctors was lower than that of nurses[MD=-2.33,95%CI（-3.28,-1.38）,P 〈0.01],while ability of female doctors was lower than that of male doctors [MD =4.61,95% CI（2.71,6.50）,P 〈0.01].[Conclusion]The occupational stress degree and occupational stress response of doctors are higher than those of nurses,while the occupational stress degree and ability to cope with occupational stress of male doctors are higher than those of female doctors.

关 键 词：医护人员 职业紧张 OSI-R 系统评价 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]