层状云微物理属性垂直分布的季节变化——以新疆地区为例  

Vertical distribution and its seasonal variation of microphysical properties of stratiform clouds in Xinjiang

作　　者：光莹[1] 邓军英[1] 陈勇航[1,2] 辛渝[2] 孙冉[1] 王旭[3] 杨莲梅[2] 刘岩[1] 张瑞[1] GUANG Ying DENG Jun-ying CHEN Yong-hang XIN Yu SUN Ran WANG Xu YANG Lian-mei LIU Yan ZHANG Rui(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China China Meteorological Administration,Institute of Desert Meteorology, Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China Xinjiang Weather Modification Office, Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang, China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆气象局人工影响天气办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2017年第4期754-761,共8页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府项目(TUHA201401);科技部公益性行业(气象)科研专项项目(GYHY201506009);中国沙漠气象科学基金(Sqj2012002);国家自然科学基金项目(41175026;41565003)

摘　　要：利用CloudSat卫星资料2B-CLDCLASS和2B-CWC-RVOD数据集,分别揭示了层云与层积云的云粒子等效半径、数浓度及含水量等微物理属性的垂直分布特征及其季节变化规律。结果表明:层云所在的云层高度比层积云高,特别是春季,层云可以延伸到11.0 km处,而层积云云层所在高度最高出现在夏季,最高延伸到8.5 km处。层云中的冰水分布在1.0~11.0 km,液态水分布在0~9.0 km,而层积云的冰水和液态水均分布在0~9.0 km。层云与层积云的冰粒子等效半径、水云粒子数浓度、液态水含量呈现随云层高度的增加而减小的趋势,冰粒子数浓度随云层高度增加呈增大趋势,冰水含量呈峰值分布,峰值出现在6~10 km范围内。各季节层积云粒子等效半径、粒子数浓度及水含量的最大值均大于层云的对应值,从这方面看,层积云更适合作人工增水对象。Xinjiang has a typical temperate continental climate and complex topography with large diurnal temperature difference.The spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation is extremely uneven due to various factors of climate and terrain,which accelerated the water shortages in the Xinjiang.Studies have found that stratiform cloud shows a great potential on artificial enhancement precipitation,however,due to lacks of observation measurements,few researches focused on the vertical distribution of stratiform clouds.CloudSat is the first satellite,which can observe the vertical distribution of worldwide cloud microphysical properties by using active millimeter-wave radars.In this paper,based on the retrieval data 2B-CLDClASS and 2B-CWC-RVOD from cloud profiling radar onboard CloudSat satellite,stratiform clouds that contained stratus and stratocumulus appeared in Xinjiang during 2009-2010 were chosen to reveal the vertical distribution of stratiform cloud microphysical properties including the equivalent radius of ice particles and water cloud particles,the concentration of ice particle and water cloud particle,the content of ice water and liquid water and its seasonal variation.Results show that the ice water and liquid water were distributed in 1.0-11.0 km and 0-9.0 km respectively in the stratus clouds,while in 0-9.0 km in the stratocumulus clouds.The effective radius of ice particles in both stratocumulus and stratus decreased with the height of cloud.The maximums of ice effective radius were 106.4 μm and 70.8 μm respectively appeared in the bottom of clouds.The water cloud particles effective radius of stratocumulus was larger than stratus＇,with the high value both appeared in the lower cloud layer,and the maximums were 15.7μma and 12.5 μm respectively.The ice number concentration in stratocumulus increased with the increase of cloud height,the maximum was 76.4 L-1 distributed in 8.0-9.0 km;while the ice number concentration in stratus increased with height ranging from 0 to 9.0 km.The number concentrati

关 键 词：CLOUDSAT卫星 层状云 微物理属性 垂直分布 季节变化 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]