住院精神分裂症患者家属受歧视经历及对歧视问题的态度研究  

Experience and attitude of discrimination among family members of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia

作　　者：袁秀霞[1] 王翠玲[1] 许冬梅[2] 李菲菲[2] 聂明海[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院临床四科,100096 [2]北京回龙观医院护理部,100096

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第16期2160-2163,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的 了解住院精神分裂症患者家属遭受歧视经历以及他们对歧视问题的态度.方法 应用家属受歧视经历调查问卷和家属对精神病患者社会歧视问题态度调查问卷,对83例住院精神分裂症患者的家属进行调查.结果 在家属受歧视经历调查中,居于前3位的依次为：家属把家人患精神病对外保密占68.7%,因精神疾病导致失恋或配偶与其离婚占48.2%,邻居看不起患者或患者家庭成员占40.7%.在家属对精神病患者社会歧视问题的态度调查中,认为歧视给患者家属造成很大的心理压力占84.3%,认为社会对精神病患者的歧视比对其他残疾者更严重占79.5%,认为社会歧视使患者家属减少社交活动占71.0%,认为人们歧视患者的家属占43.3%;77.1%的人认为近20年来社会对精神病患者的歧视没有减少.结论 住院精神分裂症患者家属生活中普遍经历着歧视,对家属身心和日常生活有严重的影响.医务人员应将家属和患者遭受歧视问题作为临床常规工作内容进行评估,以便识别出高危个体,有针对性的减低歧视对家属的影响.ObjectiveTo investigate the experience and attitude of discrimination among family members of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.Methods A total of 83 family members of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia were investigated using questionnaires of families experienced by discrimination and families＇ view on social discrimination of patients with mental illness.Results In the study,the three most common experiences included：68.7% of family members kept patients＇ schizophrenia as a secret in fear of discrimination;48.2% of family members failed in love or divorced because of discrimination;40.7% of family members were despised by neighbors. For the attitude of family members to discrimination,84.3% of family members thought that discrimination put too much stress on family members;79.5% of family members thought that social discrimination to patients with schizophrenia were more severe than to other disabled patients;71.0% of family members thought that social discrimination reduced their social activities;43.3% of family members thought that people discriminated patients with schizophrenia;and 77.1% of family members thought that in the past 20 years there was no reduction in the discrimination of patients with mental illness.Conclusions Discrimination commonly exists in schizophrenia patients＇ families and seriously affects family members both on psychological and social life. Doctors and nurses should assess the discrimination as part of the standard work not only for patients with mental illness but also for the family members,identify the high risk individual and help family members reduce the effects of discrimination on their lives.

关 键 词：精神分裂症 患者家属 歧视 经历 态度 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]