从遗忘的战争到重要的战争——俄罗斯重新评价第一次世界大战  

From the Forgotten War to an Important War——Russia re-evaluation of the First world war

作　　者：张盛发[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2017年第4期5-16,共12页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

摘　　要：苏联时期,史学界有关第一次世界大战的传统观点认为:一战是列强争夺原料产地、销售市场和重新划分世界而爆发的帝国主义战争。受此观点的束缚,苏联史学家无法全面、客观地研究一战史。这种情况只是到20世纪80年代末90年代初戈尔巴乔夫改革时期才有所改变。在苏联解体后的新俄罗斯,因传统意识形态的瓦解和书报检查制度的废除,俄罗斯史学家对一战史展开了更为全面、深入的整体研究,提出了不同以往的新观点和新看法。俄罗斯总统普京对一战以及俄国与一战等问题进行了新的评价,由此,一战由被遗忘的帝国主义战争变成了重要的卫国战争。In the Soviet period, the historian＇s traditional view of the First World War was that the War was an imperialist war that had been fought by the big powers for raw material sites,, sales markets and a new world division. Bound by this point of view, Soviet historians cannot fully and objectively study the history of the WWI. The situation changed only in the late 1980s and early 1990s when Gorbachev launched reforms. In the new Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union, with abolition of the traditional ideology and censorship, Russian historians launched a more comprehensive and thorough research on a history of WWI, put forward new ideas and views that are different from the past ones. The Russian President Vladimir Putin also made a new evaluation of the issue of WWI and Russia in the War. Thus, the First World War that was the forgotten imperialist war became an important patriotic war.

关 键 词：第一次世界大战 帝国主义战争 卫国战争 列宁 普京 

分 类 号：K143.512[历史地理—历史学]