黄土地貌地形特征点格局研究  

Pattern Analysis of Terrain Feature Points of Loess Topography

作　　者：刘逸文[1] 熊礼阳[1] 方炫[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [2]南京晓庄学院环境科学学院,江苏南京211171

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2017年第5期35-41,共7页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41601411;41401441;41401440)

摘　　要：地形特征点广泛分布于地球表面,是反映地貌空间形态的重要点位。通过对不同地形特征点空间分布格局的研究,能够较好地探讨地形特征点群间的空间结构关系及其关联模式,并进一步映射地貌演变过程与发育机理。该文以黄土高原为研究区域,提取山顶点、鞍部点与径流节点作为地形特征点,运用点格局分析方法研究地形特征点间的空间结构特征。结果表明:1)地形特征点的空间分布规律与其地貌类型有显著相关性,而与其等级无明显相关;2)不同特征点存在较为固定的空间关联尺度,这种尺度对地貌类型不存在依赖性;3)在地貌演变的多个时期,不同特征点间的空间格局指标变化趋势具有相似性,而空间分布类型由于受地貌影响存在差异性。运用点格局研究中的相关方法,探索了地形特征点单点及多点间的格局特征,对地形特征结构及其模式研究具有参考意义。Terrain feature points, as key factors in the terrain controlling, are widely distributed on the surface of the earth with multiple types. Based on the study of spatial pattern analysis of terrain feature points, it is possible to explore the spatial struc-ture relation and its association pattern between terrain feature points and landform evolution process and development mecha-nism. In this paper,the Loess Plateau was diosen as thestudy area. MeanwThile,the peak points, saddle points and runoff nodes of watersheds were extracted as the topographic feature points for study areas. On the basis, the point pattern analysis method was applied to study the spatial variability of feature points.The experimental result shows that the spatial distribution of ter-rain feature points is correlated with the geomorphology, but not significantly correlated with the grade. Also, the results sug-gest that there is a relatively fixed spatial association scale between different types of feature points, which does not rely on the landform type. In addition, during the different periods of landform evolution, the spatial pattern indexes between different fea-ture poiints have a similar characteristic of diange, while the spatial distribution types are different due to the influence of land- forms. In conclusion, by using the point pattern analysis method, the research explores the single- point and mult- points pattern characteristics of terrain feature points, which has referential significance for the study of terrain features and patterns.

关 键 词：地形特征点 空间格局 点格局 黄土地貌 

分 类 号：P931[天文地球—自然地理学]