恩格斯关于“价值规律和利润率”的重要增补及其对当代中国的意义——写在《资本论》第一卷出版150周年之际  

Engles' Significant Supplements to“the Law of Value and Profit Margin”and Its Enlightenment for the Development of Contemporary China: In Memory of the 150150th Anniversary of the Publication of the First Volume ofth Das Kapital

作　　者：陆晓禾[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院哲学研究所

出　　处：《毛泽东邓小平理论研究》2017年第7期31-37,共7页Studies on Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping Theories

摘　　要：价值规律和利润率对于资本主义生产的意义,不仅涉及纯粹的逻辑过程,而且是历史过程和对这个过程加以说明的思想反映,是对这个过程的内部联系的逻辑研究。从恩格斯关于价值规律和利润率的重要增补来看,马克思的价值规律对于整个简单商品生产时期来说是普遍适用的,适用于生产资料归劳动者所有的那种状态;商品不按价值而是按生产价格出售,是通过利润平均化的过程达到的。资本主义商品生产与简单商品生产不同,是受作为价值规律转化形式的生产价格规律支配的。这样来看,我们今天简单地说"按价值规律办事",从恩格斯的观点来看,是空泛的和不确切的。深入研究恩格斯关于"价值规律和利润率"的重要增补,对于理解和处理今天生产价格规律对劳动力商品、国际贸易以及全球化中诸多问题的影响,具有重要的意义和价值。The significance of the law of value and profit margin for capitalistic production not only relates to pure logic processing,but also reflects its historical course and an interpretation on the course,namely a logic study on its internal connection within the process.As far as Engles’supplements to'the law of value and profit margin'is concerned,Marx’s law of value runs commonly in line with the times of simple commodity production and the state that means of production belongs to workers.Commodity pricing on the basis of production price instead of internal values is achieved through profit equalization.However,different from simple commodity production,capitalist commodity production is dominated by the rule of production price,the form of value transformation.That is to say,following the law of value is inaccurate and vague from Engles’perspective.Thoroughly studying Engles’supplements to'the law of value and profit margin'carries great significance and values for our understanding and dealing with the influence of the rule of production price over labor force commodity,international trade,globalization,etc.

关 键 词：价值规律 利润率 生产价格规律 《资本论》 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]