装备制造业强国竞争力比较及价值链地位测算  

Comparison of Competitiveness among Great Powers of Equipment Manufacturing and the Calculation of Value Chain Status

作　　者：王江[1,2] 陶磊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学经济与管理学院,100124 [2]北京现代制造业发展研究基地,100124

出　　处：《上海经济研究》2017年第9期78-88,共11页Shanghai Journal of Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金"我国科技服务业自主创新体系国际化发展模式与政策选择研究"(批准编号:14CGL003);北京市社科规划项目特别委托项目(批准编号:13JDJGD004);北京工业大学人文社科基金重点项目:"一带一路"下中国生产性服务业"走出去"的模式创新及战略(批准编号:011000514315508)资助

摘　　要：该文首先采用IMS指数、RCA指数、TC指数、Michaely竞争优势指数对比分析2008-2015年中国与装备制造业强国间的竞争力,研究发现:中国装备制造业竞争力呈上升趋势,尤其是金属制品业具有较强的竞争力优势,但中国装备制造业整体竞争力较弱,仍与发达国家相比仍存在较大的差距。对装备制造业价值链地位测度研究发现:中国装备制造业价值链地位持续上升,且增幅较大,通用设备制造业和通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业处于价值链较高的位置,其余行业均处于中低端领域。由于技术创新不足、核心技术靠国外引进、知识产权保护力度不够以及发达国家阻碍,造成中国装备制造业始终面临"高端封锁"与"低端锁定"的发展模式。提升中国装备制造业竞争力优势及其在价值链上的地位是一项亟待解决的战略决策。最后,该文对此提出相应建议。With IMS index, RCA index, TC index and Michaely competitive advantage index, this paper analyzes the competitiveness between China and the great powers in the field of equipment manufacturing from 2008 to 2015. The results show the increase of Chinese competitiveness of equipment manufacturing industry and particular strong advantage of metal products industry. However, compared with the developed countries, the whole competitiveness of Chinese equipment manufacturing industry is weak. The measurement of equipment manufacturing industry value chain demonstrates that the position of Chinese position is rising sharply, especially the general equipment, communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, while the rest industries are located at the middle and low end. Because of the lack of technological innovation and the core technology relying on imports, weak protection of intellectual property rights as well as the obstacles by developed countries, Chinese equipment manufacturing industry faces the dilemma of ＂high-end lock＂ and ＂ low-end locking＂. It is urgent to make strategic decision to enhance the competitiveness advantage and Chinese position in value chain.

关 键 词：全球价值链 装备制造业 竞争力 出口复杂度 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济] F741