2004-2015年西安市15岁以下人群乙肝流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological analysis of hepatitis B among people under 15 years old in Xi'an,2004-2015

作　　者：聂郁瑾 闫永平[1] 侯铁军[2] 王栎蕾 李恒新[2] NIE Yu - jin YAN Yong - ping HOU Tie - jun WANG Li - lei LI Heng - xin(Department of Epidemiology, Forth Military Medical University,Xi＇an, Shanxi 710032, China)

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学流行病学教研室,陕西西安710032 [2]西安市疾病预防控制中心计划免疫科,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2017年第17期3081-3084,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2004-2015年西安市15岁以下人群的乙肝流行特征,为制定有针对性的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对2004-2015年西安市15岁以下人群的乙肝资料进行分析,采用SPSS19.0进行数据分析。结果 2004-2015西安市共累计报告15岁以下人群乙肝病例2 310例,年均发病率为15.47/10万,2005-2015年发病率整体呈下降趋势(X_(趋势)~2=2 783.784,P<0.001);西安市中心地区(15.33/10万)和城郊结合区(19.38/10万)均比郊区(12.31/10万)的年均发病率高;13~14岁年龄组发病率最高(28.47/10万),其次是<1岁组(26.84/10万);2010-2015年293例乙肝病例的免疫史中,全程免疫接种占54.95%,首针24小时及时接种率为72.35%。结论西安市15岁以下人群乙肝发病有明显下降趋势。应进一步加强乙肝疫苗接种工作,特别要提高新生儿乙肝疫苗首针及时接种率和全程接种率,同时加强乙肝监测,对HBs Ag阳性母亲积极开展孕期抗病毒药物治疗,加快控制乙肝。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of hepatitis B under 15 years old group in Xi＇an from 2004 to 2015 ,and to provide a scientific basis for targeted prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of epidemic of hepatitis B under 15 years old population in Xi＇an from 2004 to 2015. SPSS19.0 software was used for data analysis. Results In 2004 -2015 ,a total of 2310 cases of hepatitis B were reported. The annual average incidence was 15.47/100 000. The incidence of hepatitis B from 2005 to 2015 showed a decreasing trend（ E2 = 2 783. 784 ,P 〈0.001 ）. The annual average incidences of the central urban area （ 15.33/100 000） and the fringe areas （ 19. 38/100 000） were both higher than those of rural areas （12.31/100 000）. The highest incidence rate was 13 - 14 age group （28.47/100 000）, followed by 〈 1 - year - old group （ 26.84/100 000）. In the HBV vaccine immunization history of 293 cases ,the full immunization rate was 54.95%. The rate of the first dose HBV vaccination in time was 72.35%. Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis B in 15 years old population in Xi＇an significantly decreases. For speeding up the control of hepatitis B ,the HBV vaccination work should be further strengthened. In particular,We should improve the initial immunization rate and the full vaccination rate, meanwhile, strengthen the hepatitis B monitoring and carry out antiviral treatment for those HBsAg positive mothers during pregnancy.

关 键 词：肝炎 乙型 乙肝疫苗 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]