基于GIS的县域耕地自然质量等空间分异规律研究——以云南省石林县为例  

RESEARCH ON THE SPATIAL VARIATION LAW OF CULTIVATED LAND NATURAL QUALITY GRADE IN COUNTY USING GIS TECHNOLOGY

作　　者：刘淑霞[1,2,3,4] 张川[2,4] 张耿杰[1,2,3] 廖丽君[1,2,3] 曾维军[1,2,4] 余建新[1,3,4] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学水利学院,昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学国土资源科学技术工程研究中心,昆明650201 [3]国土资源部"土地利用--云南陆良野外基地",云南昆明650201 [4]云南省土地资源利用与保护工程实验室,昆明650201

出　　处：《中国农业资源与区划》2017年第7期115-120,共6页Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划课题"西南睦边扶贫区基本农田建设技术研究与示范"(2015BAD06B04)

摘　　要：[目的]通过研究耕地自然质量及空间分异规律,以期对耕地资源的合理利用与保护进行指导。[方法]文章以喀斯特岩溶区域典型县石林县为例,在分等数据库与二调数据库衔接基础上,采用GIS空间分析法、数理统计法,对表征耕地自然质量的因子自然质量等的空间分异规律进行探讨。[结果](1)不同行政区域内自然质量等集中程度差异显著,分异规律明显;各行政区域内分布规律高度相似,以中心城镇为最优,呈同心圆向外围辐射发散趋劣。平均自然质量等由优趋劣依次为长湖、鹿阜、圭山、西街口、大可。(2)不同耕地利用类型自然质量等分布差异不大;各耕地利用类型等别集中差异显著:水田、水浇地等别较高,多集中连片分布在坝区、河谷沿岸,旱地等别较低,多为零星分散的缓坡耕地。平均自然质量等水浇地略优于水田,旱地最差。(3)受大尺度光温、气候生产潜力指数影响,自然质量等在不同海拔梯度间耕地等别分布差异不大,且等别集中程度高度相似。从整体看,耕地等别随海拔梯度升高呈现降低趋势,部分区域小幅反弹。[结论]耕地自然质量作为耕地的本底质量,在县域尺度具有独特的分异规律。The research on natural quality and distribution characteristics of cultivated land could help people use and protect that resource reasonably. This paper took Shilin county as an example,where located in a typical karst region,discussed the distribution characteristics of natural quality grade by applying GIS spatial analysis and statistical tools based on the combination of classification database and second survey database. The results showed that the concentration ratios of natural quality grade were different in disparate administration regions,and the distribution characteristics were obviously distinct. It was better in the central town and worse in the outer circle as radiation divergence. The order of average natural quality grade from better to worse was Changhu,Luhu,Guishan,Xi-jiekou and Dake. Natural quality grade of paddy and irrigation land distributed in intermountain basin and valley area was high,which was lower in slope area. The grade of irrigation land was the best,but that of dry land was totally opposite. The distribution differences of natural quality grade in distinct elevations were not obvious due to the same temperature and climatic potential productivity in large scale. Overall,the natural quality grade became lower along with the rise of elevation,but there were still some exception in some small regions. It concluded that as the background quality of cultivated land,the natural quality of cultivated land had a unique differentiation law at county scale.

关 键 词：自然质量等 空间分异 空间行政区域 耕地利用类型 海拔梯度 

分 类 号：F323.211[经济管理—产业经济] F321.1