机械穴直播早籼稻产量和品质形成的播期效应  

Effect of Sowing Date on Yield and Quality of Early Indica Rice Grown by Mechanical Seeding

作　　者：王文霞[1] 曾研华[1] 曾勇军[1] 梁喜欢 黄万[1] 李晨曦[1] 谭雪明[1] 石庆华[1] 潘晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2017年第4期641-648,共8页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFND0301605);国家自然科学基金项目(31760366);江西现代农业科研协同创新专项经费(JXXTCX2015001-004);江西省水稻产业技术体系专项(JXARS-02-03);江西省自然科学基金(20161BAB214171);江西省教育厅项目(GJJ150380)~~

摘　　要：为揭示机直播下不同基因型早籼稻品种生育特性及产量形成的播期效应,研究播期对水稻产量及品质形成的影响,以冷敏感品种株两优819、中嘉早17和耐冷品种五丰优623、湘早籼6号为供试材料,设置提早播种(3月21日,S)和正常时期播种(4月5日,CK)2个处理。结果表明:提早15 d播种,不同类型早稻品种全生育期平均延长5 d,播抽历期平均推迟3.7 d,且秧苗出苗率降低,以冷敏感品种受播期影响效应高于耐冷品种;早播处理水稻产量总体低于正常播种处理;提早播种降低叶面积指数;与CK相比,早播处理降低稻米的出糙率、精米率、整精米率、直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量,影响了淀粉粘滞特性,但增加了稻米的垩白率、垩白度与胶稠度,不利于稻米外观品质的改善。In order to reveal the sowing effect on the growth characteristics and yield formation of early indica rice of different genotypes under direct seeding,the effect of sowing date on yield and quality of rice was studicd.Zhuliangyou819,a cold sensitive variety,Zhongjiazao17 and Wu Fengyou 623,a cold tolerant variety,and Xiangzaoxian 6 were taken,as the tested materials,Two treatments,namely,early sowing in the treatment of(March 21 st,S) and normal sowing(April 5th,CK) were set.The results showed that: in the treatment of 15 days early sowing,the whole growth period of different types of rice varieties was 5 days on average longer,the heading period was delayed for 3.7 days,and the seedling emergence rate decreased.The effect of sowing date on cold sensitive cultivars was higher than that on cold tolerant cultivars; the yield of the early sowing rice was generally lower than that of the rice in the normal sowing treatment; early sowing reduced leaf area index; compared with CK,the early sowing treatment decreased the brown rice rate,milled rice rate,amylose content and protein content,and affected starch viscosity properties,but it increased rice chalkiness rate,chalkiness and gel consistency,hence not conducive to the improvement of appearance quality of rice.

关 键 词：早籼稻 机械直播 播期效应 生育特性 产量 稻米品质 

分 类 号：S511.310.48[农业科学—作物学]