倒春寒对晋南冬小麦主要性状的影响分析  

Analysis on Effect of Later Spring Coldness on Main Traits of Winter Wheat in South Shanxi

作　　者：靖金莲[1] 安晓东[1] 刘玲玲[1] 阎翠萍[1] 李世平[1] 王全亮 黄丽波 JING Jinlian AN Xiaodong LIU Lingling YAN Cuiping LI Shiping WANG Quanliang HUANG Libo(Institute of Wheat, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linfen 041000, China Xiangfen Agricultural Bureau in Shanxi Province, Xiangfen 041500, China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院小麦研究所,山西临汾041000 [2]襄汾县农业局,山西襄汾041500

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2017年第9期1415-1419,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院攻关项目(YGG1421);山西省自然科学基金项目(201701D121112)

摘　　要：利用国家冬小麦品种试验黄淮北片水地组临汾试验点2012—2015年小麦主要性状资料和临汾市气象局这4 a的倒春寒气象资料,通过相同品种在正常年份和倒春寒发生年份的性状比较,分析了晋南冬麦区倒春寒对小麦主要性状的影响。结果表明,倒春寒使小麦抽穗期明显提前,公顷有效穗数、成穗率和千粒质量下降,而穗粒数却提高,产量明显下降;倒春寒还导致籽粒容重降低;倒春寒发生较轻时对成熟期和株高没有明显影响,而发生较重时导致株高降低和成熟期提前。Linfen test piece of Huang-Huai north part in irrigable land group of national winter wheat varieties and the meteorological data from Linfen meteorological bureau from 2012 to 2015 were adopted, to analyze the impact of coldness in later spring to the main characteristics of wheat, by the comparison of characteristics of the same varieties in normal year and the coldness in later spring years. The results showed that coldness in later spring bought forward the wheat heading stage, reduced the effective ear per hectare, earbearing tiller percentage and thousand kernel quality. But the ear grain number increased. Eventually the coldness in later spring led to the decrease of the yield significantly. And it still could reduce the grain bulk density. When the coldness in later spring was lighter it had no significant effect to the mature period and plant height, but when it was heavier and it could reduce plant height and the mature period in advance.

关 键 词：冬小麦 倒春寒 主要性状 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]