商品有机肥配施化肥对烤烟养分吸收变化规律及烟碱合成的影响  

Effects of Commercial Organic Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Nutrient Absorption and Nicotine Synthesis in Flue Cured Tobacco

作　　者：冯厚平 陈代荣 梁永江 彭友 阳显斌 张婕 张云贵[2] FENG Houping CHEN Dairong LIANG Yongjiang PENG You YANG Xianbin ZHANG Jie ZHANG Yungui(Guizhou Tobacco Companies Zunyi Company, Zunyi 563000, China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,贵州遵义563000 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2017年第9期1492-1498,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司贵州省公司科技项目(201208)

摘　　要：在田间条件下研究了不同商品有机肥配施无机肥对黄壤土壤氮素变化、烤烟氮素吸收和烟碱累积及干物质累积变化的影响。结果表明,牛粪有机肥、蚓粪有机肥、氨基酸有机肥与无机氮配施土壤的全氮于49~69 d变化规律分别占总变化量的82.71%,69.03%和79.47%(P<0.05),较单施无机氮提高显著,后期全氮含量平稳,与烤烟吸氮规律吻合,具有改良烤烟施肥方式的潜力。但蚓粪有机肥与无机氮配施较单施无机氮烤烟于圆顶期(69 d)地上部和中部烟叶烟碱累积量分别提高125.67%,99.71%(P<0.05),烟碱累积规律受到影响,降低了烟叶品质;氨基酸有机肥与无机氮配施后烤烟氮素、烟碱变化规律失调,干物质累积量过高,造成后期贪青晚熟,烟株徒长,不利于烤烟正常生长发育。配施牛粪有机肥与单施无机化肥相比,烤烟氮素与烟碱累积变化规律正常,无显著差异,其效果优于蚓粪有机肥和氨基酸有机肥。This paper studied the effects of different commercial organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on soil, flue cured tobacco nitrogen in yellow soil, flue cured tobacco nitrogen uptake and nicotine accumulation and dry matter accumulation change in the field condition. The result showed that the total soil nitrogen of soil manure, organic manure, earthworm manure, organic manure, amino acids,organic manure with inorganic nitrogen changed in 49-69 d, accounting for 82.71%, 69.03% and 79.47%（P0.05）of total change,compared with single inorganic nitrogen, it increased ignificantly, the total nitrogen content was stable in the late stage, which was consistent with the nitrogen absorption law of flue cured tobacco, and had the potential of improving the fertilization methods of flue cured tobacco. But the application of organic manure and inorganic nitrogen in earthworm manure was better than that of inorganic nitrogen in flue cured tobacco（69 d）, nicotine accumulation in the upper and middle leaves increased by 125.67% and 99.71%（P0.05）, the accumulation of nicotine was affected, and the quality of tobacco leaves was reduced, variation of nicotine, nitrogen imbalance of amino acid organic fertilizer and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, dry matter accumulation was too high, resulting in the late maturing, excessive growth of tobacco plant, was not conducive to the normal growth and development of flue cured tobacco. Compared with the single application of manure, the accumulation of nitrogen and nicotine in flue cured tobacco was normal, and there was no significant difference. The effect was better than that of earthworm manure, organic manure and amino acid, organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：烤烟 商品有机肥 养分 烟碱 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]