释义元语言概念“观察者”的分类及阐释  

On Classification and Interpretation of the Observer of Explanatory Meta-Language Concept

作　　者：周淑娟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学俄语学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [2]吉林华桥外国语学院俄语系,吉林长春130117

出　　处：《外语教学》2017年第5期28-31,共4页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"叙事文本的语用学研究"(项目编号:12CYY069);国家社科基金项目"莫斯科语义学派句法理论框架下的俄汉焦点副词语义研究"(项目编号:15CYY050);吉林省社科基金项目"俄语语义中的元概念观察者研究"(项目编号:2016B328)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要："观察者"是词典释义元语言中具有直指意义的概念单位符号,表示谓词词义、语法义中包含的二级直指主体语义配价。"观察者"和一级直指主体说话人的共性在于能够以自身的时空位置为参照,确定客体、事件所处的时间段和空间段,差异在于"观察者"是情景的旁观者,而不是情景的直接参加者。论文基于Ю.Д.Апресян提出的"观察者"概念,以语义中包含"观察者"的词和语法范畴为例证,分类阐释"观察者"语义配价。The observer is a conceptual unit symbol with deixis in meta-language of interpretation in the dictionary. It shows the direct subjective semantic valence of secondary level in lexical meaning of verbs and grammatical meaning. The observer can be consistent with subject as it makes reference to the same positions in time and space to locate the object. On the other hand it does not interfere with the scenario, and thus it is not the same as the subject. The paper explains the semantic valence of observer with different categories respectively based on the concept proposed by Apresyan with examples of the observer＇ s lexical classification and grammatical scope.

关 键 词：自我中心成分 空间直指主体 观察者 语义配价 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]