离子型稀土浸矿过程渗透性变化规律研究  

Study on Variation Regularity of Permeability in Leaching Process of Ion-type Rare Earth Ore

作　　者：李永欣[1] 王晓军[1] 肖伟晶 邓书强 曹世荣 韩建文[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《金属矿山》2017年第8期104-108,共5页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51364011);江西省教育厅科技项目(编号:GJJ150653);江西省研究生创新专项基金项目(编号:YC2016-S320)

摘　　要：为了解离子型稀土浸矿过程中浸矿效果与矿体渗透性的关系,利用自制浸矿过程渗透系数测定装置进行了矿体渗透系数测定试验,研究了离子交换条件下试样渗透系数的变化规律及形成机理,分析了初始渗透性对渗流规律的影响。研究表明:清水浸矿,孔隙内可运移颗粒向下迁移,有效渗流孔径逐步增大,进而试样渗透性逐步增强;(NH_4)_2SO_4溶液浸矿,在强阳离子结合水层的黏滞阻碍作用下,试样渗透系数随浸矿时间延长呈先下降后上升的趋势。pH测试识别模式可用于(NH_4)_2SO_4溶液浸矿全过程反应强度的识别,pH试纸显色为强酸性对应稀土阳离子的大量浸出,此区间的渗透性系数最小;浸出后期pH试纸显色为弱酸性则对应残余浸出反应阶段。初始渗透性各异的试样清水浸矿阶段的渗透系数变化幅度基本相同;(NH_4)_2SO_4溶液浸矿阶段,渗透系数变化趋势出现明显的差异,初始渗透系数大的试样渗透系数变化幅度最大,初始渗透系数最小的试样渗透系数变化幅度最小。对初始渗透性较差的矿体,应先用清水浸矿再用(NH_4)_2SO_4溶液浸矿。To understand the relationship between effect of rare earth leaching and permeability in the process of ion-type rare earth deposit in-situ leaching,the self-developed measuring device of permeability coefficient is used to accomplish tests of measuring rare earth leaching permeability,the change rule and formation mechanism of the sample permeability coefficient under the ion exchange condition is studied,and the influence of initial permeability on seepage rule is analyzed.The research showed： pure water leaching,can migrate particles downward in the pore,and gradually increase the diameter of effective seepage pore so as to enhance the permeability of samples.In（ NH4）2SO4 solution leaching,the variation of permeability coefficient was first decreased and then increased with the leaching time under the viscous action of strong cation bounding with water layer.pH identification patterns can be used to identify the reacting intensity of（ NH4）2SO4 solution leaching at all stage.The test strips color means strong acidity,corresponding to amounts of the rare earth cations leached out,the permeability coefficient is the minimum at this stage.At the late leaching stage,the test strips color means weak acidity,corresponding to the stage of residual leaching reaction.The permeability coefficients of the samples with different initial permeability are basically the same as that of pure water leaching; At the stage of（ NH4）2SO4 solution leaching,there is obvious difference in the change trend of permeability coefficient.The permeability coefficient of the sample with the initial permeability coefficient is the largest,and the permeability coefficient of the sample with the minimum initial permeability coefficient is the smallest.The ore with poor initial permeability,should be leached by pure water firstly and then（ NH4）2SO4 solution leaching.

关 键 词：离子型稀土 渗透系数 离子交换 渗流孔径 pH试纸显色 

分 类 号：TD925.6[矿业工程—选矿]