压缩机舌簧排气阀运动模型对比及动态特性影响因素分析  

Comparison of Motion Models of Reciprocating Compressor Discharge Reed Valve and Analysis for Factors Affecting Dynamic Characteristics

作　　者：慕光宇 王枫[3] 米小珍[4] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116028 [2]大连海洋大学机械与动力工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [3]大连交通大学动车学院,辽宁大连116028 [4]大连交通大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2017年第9期69-76,共8页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51205035);辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(201602133;20170540107);辽宁省教育厅科学研究一般项目(L2013280)

摘　　要：为了揭示压缩机舌簧阀启闭运动失效过程及其影响因素,建立了阀片运动的单质点模型和悬臂梁模型,在单质点模型中,综合考虑了阀片的有效工作长度、弹力、质量随位移变化的关系,在Matlab环境下,采用四阶龙格-库塔法计算程序对2种模型进行了求解。为了验证模型的有效性,建立了舌簧排气阀位移测量实验系统,并将测量结果与2种模型的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明,单质点模型相比悬臂梁模型能更准确地反映舌簧排气阀的运动规律。利用单质点模型分析了气阀升程、阀片厚度以及阀孔直径对舌簧阀动态特性的影响,分析结果表明:阀片升程增加,舌簧排气阀的初始关闭角减小,最大冲击速度增大;阀片厚度增大,对初始开启角影响不大,但初始关闭角提前;排气阀口直径减小,阀片开启、关闭时间延迟,压缩机能效比降低。该研究可为舌簧阀组结构参数选择、优化设计提供参考。To reveal the motion failure process of the reed valve in a reciprocating compressor and influencing factors, the single-particle model and cantilever-beam model of valve motion are established. The relationships of the effective working length, elastic force and valve plate mass with the changing displacement are taken into account in the single-particle model. The fourth- order Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the two models in Matlab environment to find an efficient numerical solution. An experimental system is constructed to measure the actual reed valve movements and to verify the effectiveness. The measured data are compared with the calculated results of the two models. It is concluded that the single-particle model can describe the motion law of the reed valve more accurately. Hence, the influences of valve lift, valve plate thickness and valve orifice diameter on the dynamic characteristics of reed valve are analyzed with the single-particle model. It indicates that with the increasing valve lift, the initial closing angle of the discharge reed valve decreases while the maximum impact velocity increases~ the increasing valve thickness imposes slight effect on the initial opening angle whereas the initial closing angle is advanced with the decreasing exhaust valve port diameter, the valve opening time increases, the closing time tends to delay and the compressor energy efficiency ratio decreases.

关 键 词：活塞式压缩机 舌簧排气阀 单质点模型 悬臂梁模型 动态特性 

分 类 号：TH457[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB652[一般工业技术—制冷工程]