计划生育与代际不平等传递——基于个体代际流动的微观视角  

Family Planning and Transmission of Inequality between Generations:Micro Perspective on Individual Intergenerational Mobility

作　　者：刘小鸽 司海平[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国家发展研究院博士后流动站 [2]山东大学经济研究院

出　　处：《经济评论》2017年第5期139-151,共13页Economic Review

摘　　要：不平等在代际间传递不利于社会的稳定和可持续发展,本文旨在考察计划生育对代际不平等传递的影响。利用中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2010年数据,本文基于个体代际流动的微观视角从人力资本与社会资本两条途径进行实证检验,研究发现,计划生育通过缩小家庭规模促进了个体向上代际流动。进一步的检验发现,家庭规模效应在男女、城乡之间存在异质性。最后,我们对家庭规模效应进行分解,发现一方面兄弟姐妹通过减少个体受教育年限降低了个体向上流动的可能,另一方面兄弟姐妹作为个体的社会资本,兄弟姐妹越多,其向上流动的概率越大。本文为深入理解代际不平等传递的微观机制提供了新思路,同时也为事后客观评估计划生育的政策后果提供了微观依据。This paper aims to examine the impact of family planning on the transmission of inequality between generations which is not conducive to social stability and sustainable development. Using CFPS2010 data, based on the perspective of individual intergenerational mobility, we take empirical test from the path of human capital and social capital, and the results show that family planning has promoted the individual intergenerational mobility by reducing family size. Further tests find that there are heterogeneity of family size effect between men and women, urban and rural areas. Finally, we decompose the family size effect and find out that on the one hand siblings can reduce the possibility of upward mobility by decreasing the education. On the other hand, siblings are social capital, and the more siblings, the larger possibility to move upward. This paper provides a new perspective to understanding the micro- mechanism of inequality transmission between generations, and provides a microscopic basis for assessing the consequences of family planning policy.

关 键 词：计划生育 家庭规模 代际不平等传递 个体代际流动 

分 类 号：C924.21[社会学—人口学]