采用铸造法和粉末冶金法制备的Al-Si-Cu-Mg合金组织和力学性能的研究  

Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Si-Cu-Mg Alloy Prepared by Casting and Powder Metallurgy

作　　者：陈静 叶珍 陈玖新 徐连弟 马朝利 徐聪 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院空天先进材料与服役教育部重点实验室,北京100191 [2]保定市立中车轮制造有限公司,河北保定071000

出　　处：《热加工工艺》2017年第17期55-58,共4页Hot Working Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51671007;51671012;51401010);国家863项目(2013AA031001);国际科技合作项目(2015D FA51430;2013DFB70200)

摘　　要：采用铸造法和粉末冶金法制备了Al-7.0Si-1.6Cu-0.45Mg合金,利用SEM、XRD、万能电子拉伸试验机对不同工艺制备的合金显微组织、力学性能及断口进行了检测分析,研究了不同制备工艺对铝硅合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:粉末冶金制备的铝硅合金中,硅颗粒尺寸最小。对铸造合金进行热处理后,共晶硅形貌逐渐由针状转变为球状。热挤压对铸造合金有良好的细化作用。铝硅合金组织有α-Al相、Si相、Q(Al_5Cu_2Mg_8Si_6)相和θ(Al_2Cu)相。与粉末冶金相比,采用铸造法制备的铝硅合金伸长率显著增大。热处理可以提高铸造合金的强度,但是单一热挤压工艺对改善铸造合金的力学性能没有明显的效果。Al-7.0Si-1.6Cu-0.45Mg alloy was prepared by using casting and powder metallurgy, and the microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture of the alloys prepared by different processes were tested and analyzed by using SEM, XRD and universal electronic tensile testing machine. The results show that the size of silicon particles in Al-Si alloy prepared by powder metallurgy is the smallest. After the alloy is treated by heat treatment, the morphology of eutectic silicon gradually transforms from needle to spherical. Hot extrusion has good refining effect on the cast alloy. The Al-Si alloy consists of α-Al, Si phase, Q （Al5Cu2Mg8Si6） and θ（Al2Cu） phases. Compared with powder metallurgy, the elongation of Al-Si alloy prepared by casting method is obviously improved. Heat treatment can greatly improve the strength of the cast alloy, but the single hot extrusion process has no obvious effect on improving mechanical properties of the cast alloy.

关 键 词：铝硅合金 铸造 粉末冶金 共晶硅 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]