盆栽条件下不同灌水方式对移栽短季棉苗期生长发育的影响  

Effect of Irrigation Methods on Growth of Transplanted Fast-growing Cotton Seedling Investigated Using Pot Experiments

作　　者：崔文军[1] 刘浩[1] 孙景生[1] 张昊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室,河南新乡453002

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2017年第9期1-6,共6页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：现代农业棉花产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-18-19)

摘　　要：为了明确不同灌水方式对麦后移栽短季棉缓苗进程的影响,在盆栽试验条件下,设置了滴灌、喷灌和地面灌溉3种灌水方式,研究了不同灌水方式下移栽短季棉苗期植株生长、耗水规律、根系生长、干物质累积及干物质水平上的水分利用效率(WUEm)。结果表明,3种灌水方式对短季棉苗期植株的地上部分生长没有显著影响;与地面灌溉方式相比,滴灌和喷灌灌水方式下短季棉苗期的耗水量分别减小了30.8%和14.4%;不同灌水方式的短季棉新生根数无显著性差异,但滴灌灌水方式显著提高了单株根长和根冠比,大幅度提高了WUEm。在不降低地上干物质生产的基础上,滴灌有效地促进了根系生长,为后期棉花营养生长和生殖生长奠定了良好的基础。This paper investigated the impact of drip irrigation （DT）, sprinkler irrigation （CT） and surface irrigation （ST） on growth of transplanted fast-growing cotton seedling using pot experiments. During the experiment, water consumption, root growth, accumulation of dry matter, dry matter, as well as water use efficiency （WUEm） was measured. The results showed that the growth of the above-grotmd dry matter trader the three irrigation methods was approximately the same, but DT and ST reduced the water consumption by 30.8% and 14.4% respectively compared with CT. The root length per plant in all three irrigation methods was almost the same, while DT considerably increased the root-shoot ratio, single root length and WUEm. DT promoted root growth without scarifying above-ground biomass accumulation, thereby benefiting the reproductive growth of the plant at late stages.

关 键 词：灌水方式 耗水量 根系 干物质 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]