石油污染对土壤毛细水上升特性的影响  

Impact of Soil Contamination with Oil on Capillary Water Rise

作　　者：魏样 王益权[2] 蔡苗[1,3,4] 赵磊 朱坤[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司,西安710075 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司,西安710075 [4]国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室,西安710075

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2017年第9期50-56,共7页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：陕西省重点科技创新团队计划项目(2016KCT-23)

摘　　要：为了研究石油污染对不同土质毛细水上升高度、上升速率及毛细含水率的影响,采用室内土柱试验,研究了3种不同土质土壤(塿土、黄绵土和风沙土)在5个不同污染梯度(0%、0.5%、1%、2%和4%)下的毛细水上升规律。结果表明,3种土壤毛细水上升高度均随时间的延长而增加,且土壤毛细水上升高度与时间均符合良好的幂函数,但增幅均随时间的延长而减小;在相同上升时段内,未被污染的3种土壤毛细水上升高度均明显大于石油污染土壤,并且污染程度越高,毛细水上升高度越小;相同时间段,清洁土壤和0.5%含油率的土壤毛细水上升高度均表现为风沙土上升速率最快、黄绵土次之、塿土最慢,1%、2%和4%含油率的毛细水上升高度和上升速率变化趋势相同,均表现为黄绵土最大、塿土次之、风沙土最小;随着毛细水上升高度的增加,塿土、黄绵土、风沙土毛细水量均呈减小趋势,且毛细水量均随着污染程度的加剧而降低,土壤储水量和毛细水水量有着相同的变化趋势。We studied the impact soil contamination with oil on capillary water rise, rising speed as well as moisture contents in soils of different textures. Three soils - Lou soil, loess soil and aeolian sandy soil were examined under pollution gradients 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 4%. The results showed that the height that the capillary water rose increased with time in a power law, and the rising speed decreased with time. During the same time period, the capillary water rise in the three uncontaminated soils were significantly higher than that in their contaminated counterparts, and the more serious the pollution was, the lower the capillary water could rise. The rising speed of the capillary water in the clean soil and the 0.5% oil-contaminated soil was fastest in the aeolian sandy soil, followed by the loess soil and the Lou soil. The rising height and rising speed of capillary water in the 1%, 2% and 4% contaminated soils changed with time almost in the same way, high in the loess soil and low in the aeolian sandy soil. With the increase in capillary rising height, the capillary water content in Lou soil, loess soil and aeolian sandy soil all decreased, and the capillary water content decreased with the increase in contamination.

关 键 词：石油污染 毛细水 土壤 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] X53[农业科学—农业基础科学]