稻-鸭-泥鳅耦合对水稻部分株型结构的影响  

Effects of Rice-duck-loach Coupling on Rice Canopy Structure Index

作　　者：梁玉刚[1,2,3] 潘恒[4] 张启飞[1] 黄璜[1,2,3] 陈灿[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南长沙410128 [3]农业部华中地区作物栽培科学观测试验站,湖南长沙410128 [4]南京师范大学外国语学院,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《核农学报》2017年第10期1998-2006,共9页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：基金项目 "稻-渔"耦合养殖技术研究与示范(201203081-2);长江中游南部(湖南)水稻丰产节水节肥技术集成与示范(2013BAD07B11);湘江流域大学农业科技服务技术集成与示范(2013BAD20B10)

摘　　要：为探究稻田养殖能否改善水稻的株型结构从而影响产量的形成和品质的改善,通过田间对比试验,研究水稻分蘖期、孕穗期和齐穗期的部分株型结构。结果表明,与水稻直播处理相比,稻-鸭-泥鳅耦合能促进水稻根系生长、增加植株株高和根冠比,减少无效分蘖,保持后期分蘖稳定;减小水稻茎基宽,增加水稻冠层幅度,保持水稻具有一定的松散度;减小倒3叶和倒4叶叶开角和披垂度,增加剑叶和倒2叶叶开角、披垂度、叶长和叶宽,使水稻叶面积和叶绿素含量较多的分布在植株上部,利于地上部干物质的积累;提高水稻基叶高,减少枯黄叶,减缓叶片衰老,延长叶片的功能时期。本研究结果为水稻产量的提高奠定了一定的理论基础。To explore whether the rice paddy culture could increase the yield and improve the quality of the rice by modifying the plant structure,by introducing a field contrast experiment,this paper studied part of the rice plant structure at the stage of tillering,booting,and full heading. The result showed that compared with the rice direct sowing treatment,the coupling of rice-duck-loach showed the following benefits： firstly,it promote the growth of the rice root length,plant height and increase the root shoot ratio as well as reduce fuitle tillering with steady tillering at the later growth period. Secondly,the coupling of rice-duck-loach improved the plant structure. The stem basal width decreased while the canopy width increased,giving plants more looseness. The opening angle and drooping degree of the third leaf and fourth leaf decreased and that of the flag leaf and second leaf increased. The upper part of the plants had larger leaf area and more chlorophyll,conducing to the accumulation of the shoot dry matter. Thirdly,the rice-duck-loach coupling increased the base leaf height and reduced the number of withered and aging leaves,and extened the function period of the leaves. The above results provide a theoretical basis for yield improvement of rice.

关 键 词：稻-鸭-泥鳅共育 松散度 披垂度 叶面积 基叶高 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]