黄淮海玉米主栽品种耐阴性比较研究  

Research on Shade-tolerance Compare of Major Maize Cultivars in HuangHuai-Hai Region

作　　者：燕树锋[1] 刘海芳[2] 铁双贵[1] 卢彩霞[1] 齐建双[1] 岳润清[1] 韩小花[1] 郭书磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学泡桐研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2017年第8期3210-3217,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：行业(农业)科研专项(201203033-10);河南省农业科学院科研发展专项资金项目(201412003)共同资助

摘　　要：为分析黄淮海玉米主栽品种的耐阴性,以12个黄淮海主栽玉米品种为材料,研究了遮阴对不同玉米品种农艺性状、抽雄吐丝间隔期、产量性状以及产量的影响,结果表明遮阴后12个玉米品种株高、穗位高、叶面积、穗粗、轴粗、百粒重均未见显著的降低;遮阴后12个玉米主栽品种中4个品种空杆率和1个品种秃尖长显著增加,12个品种穗长、1个品种穗行数、11个品种行粒数和8个品种单穗重显著降低,8个品种抽雄吐丝间隔期显著延长;遮阴后产量排名前4位的品种为伟科702、郑单1002、隆平206和金海5号,受遮阴影响最显著的两个品种为浚单20和蠡玉16。此外,与2015年试验结果比较发现伟科702和隆平206耐阴性较好,蠡玉16耐阴性不稳定。因此,可将空杆率、穗长、穗行数、行粒数、秃尖长、单穗重、抽雄吐丝间隔期等作为耐阴性鉴定的指标;阴雨寡照地区应选用伟科702、郑单1002和隆平206等耐阴性较好的品种。In order to analyze the shade-tolerance of major maize cultivars in Huang-Huai-Hai region, twelve maize cultivars of Huang-Huai-Hai region were used as materials, and it was studied that the effects of shading on agronomic characters, tasseling silking interval, yield traits and yield. The results showed that there were no significant reduction in plant height, ear height, leaf area, ear diameter, axis diameter, 100-grain weight of twelve maize cultivars after shading treatment; In twelve major maize cultivars, the barrenness rate of four cultivars and bare tip length of one cultivar increased significantly and the ear length of twelve cultivars, ear rows of one cultivar, kernels per row of eleven cultivars and ear weight of eight cultivars declined significantly by shading treatment; After shading treatment, the top four maize cultivars were Weike702, Zhengdan1002, Longping206 and Jinhai No.5, but Xundan20 and Liyu16 had the most significant effect. Furthermore, it was confirmed that Weike702 and Longping206 had better shade-tolerance and the shade-tolerance of Liyu16 was instable by comparing with the results in 2015. Therefore, The barrenness rate, ear length, ear rows, kernels per row, bare tip length, ear weight and tasseling silking interval could be used as the identification parameters of shade-tolerance,meanwhile, the Weike702, Zhengdan1002, Longping206 and other shade-tolerance cultivars should be adopted in in rainy and sunless area.

关 键 词：玉米 耐阴性 抽雄吐丝间隔期 农艺性状 产量性状 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]