甘肃省人民医院2006—2015年围产儿出生缺陷发生率变化趋势  

Dynamic prevalence of birth defects in the Gansu Provincial People's Hospital from 2006 to 2015

作　　者：刘凯[1] 秦英 王治民 马铭 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省人民医院公共卫生管理科,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州市城关区妇幼保健所,甘肃兰州730000 [3]临夏回族自治州人民医院医务科,甘肃临夏731100 [4]甘肃省人民医院放射科,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（医学版）》2017年第4期51-55,共5页Journal of Lanzhou University（Medical Sciences）

摘　　要：目的分析甘肃省人民医院2006—2015年围产儿出生缺陷发生率变化趋势及流行特征,为出生缺陷的预防、提高出生人口素质提供参考依据。方法根据2006—2015年甘肃省人民医院出生缺陷监测系统资料,对出生缺陷的发生率及变化趋势、出生缺陷转归情况进行分析。结果 2006—2015年监测围产儿共计20 295例,缺陷儿277例,出生缺陷发生率为13.65,整体趋势分析无统计学意义。出生缺陷发生率居前5位的分别是外耳畸形、唇腭裂、多指(趾)、神经管缺陷、先天性脑积水,共占所有出生缺陷的60.3%。多指(趾)(χ~2=6.757,P=0.009)、先天性心脏病(χ~2=4.668,P=0.031)及其他缺陷(χ~2=9.733,P=0.002)的发生率逐年递增,直肠肛门闭锁逐年递减(χ~2=10.22,P=0.001)。结论甘肃省人民医院围产儿出生缺陷发生率处于较高水平,应该提高出生缺陷的产前诊断技术,加强前5位发病率较高病种的预防,有效降低出生缺陷的发生。Objective To analyze the dynamic prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of birth defects in Gansu Provincial People＇s Hospital between 2006 to 2015 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of birth defects and improve the quality of births. Methods The occurrence and trends of birth defects were analyzed statistically according to data collected from the birth defects surveillance system in Gansu Provin- cial People＇s Hospital between 2006 and 2015. Results During the decade, 277 cases of birth defects were identified among 20 295 perinatal infants, with the total incidence of birth defects being 13.65%o. The overall occurrence was insignificant statistically. The top five birth defects were respectively ear abnormalities, cleft lip and palate, multi-finger （toe）, neural tube defects and hydrocephalus, accounting for about 60.3% of all birth defects. During the 10 years, the occurrence of multi-finger （toe） （~=6.757, P=0.009）, congenital heart disease （χ2=4.668, P=0.031） and other defects （χ2=9.733, P=-0.002） were increasing year by year while anorec- tal atresia （χ2=10.22, P=-0.001） annually decreased. Conclusion The birth defect rate of the People＇s Hospital of Gansu Province was at a high level. The prenatal diagnosis of pregnant women should be improved and the prevention of the top 5 diseases with high incidence should be strengthened in order to effectively reduce the incidence of birth defects.

关 键 词：围产儿 出生缺陷 发生率 变化趋势 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]