苏博美利奴羊胎儿皮肤毛囊结构及形态发育  

Study on Fetal Skin Hair Follicle Structure and Morphological Development of Subo Merino Sheep

作　　者：阿布来提.苏来曼 田月珍[1,2] 许琴[3] 何军敏 赵冰茹[1] 徐新明[2] 付雪峰[2] 热娜古丽.艾尼瓦尔江 黄锡霞[1] 田可川[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆军区总医院动物实验科,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2017年第16期3226-3235,共10页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31460593;31360543);国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-40)

摘　　要：【目的】研究苏博美利奴羊毛囊的组织结构与形态发育过程,为解析细毛羊毛囊发育的分子调控机制奠定组织学基础。【方法】采用石蜡切片技术分析胎龄为第65、85、105和135天的苏博美利奴羊胎儿头部、颈侧、颈上缘、鬐甲、背部、体侧、肩甲、腹部、荐部及股部等10个不同部位皮肤的组织学特性。【结果】苏博美利奴羊毛囊结构同其它动物一样,由毛球、连接组织鞘、外根鞘、内根鞘和毛干等几部分组成。在胎龄65d时初级毛囊(primary follicles,PF)已经发生形成毛芽,毛芽延长,继续向真皮层深入,形成柱状结构,通过由大量真皮细胞在末端聚集,形成帽子结构,各部位表皮均形成完整的结构。胎龄85d时毛囊上部形成一个膨大部,在毛乳头上方形成锥形结构,毛球基本形成,毛乳头长度明显大于宽度;在初级毛囊基底部可见次级毛囊(secondary follicles,SF)的囊泡结构,并形成皮脂腺原始细胞。在胎龄105d时次级毛囊大量形成,伴随着初级毛囊毛芽伸长,次级毛囊毛芽向真皮层深入,毛乳头直径逐渐增大,皮脂腺开始形成;原始次级毛囊颈部隆突部开始再分化出再分化次级毛囊(secondary-derived follicles,SD),并可见汗腺,毛管发育完整;已形成完整的毛囊群结构,主要为三元毛囊群,每个毛囊群由1—3个初级毛囊和围绕其周围的几个次级毛囊组成。胎龄135d时大量形成再分化次级毛囊,形成成熟的汗腺,大部分初级毛囊和部分次级毛囊发育成熟,毛囊形成角质化毛干并穿出体表。【结论】苏博美利奴羊胚胎皮肤初级毛囊约50—55d开始形成;胎龄65—75d是初级毛囊形成的重要时期;胎龄80—85d是次级毛囊形成期,此时期,初级毛囊大量形成;胎龄105—135d是次级毛囊大量再分化,再分化次级毛囊形成及发育的关键时期。[Objective]The main purpose of this study was to study the tissue structure and morphological development process of hair follicles in Subo Merino sheep, and results of the study will lay a histological basis for further resolving the molecular regulation mechanism of hair follicle development of fine-wool sheep. [Method]The histological characteristics of ten different parts of skin, such as （the poll, midside of neck, up side of neck, wither, back, midside of body, shoulder, belly, sacrum and femur, respectively） of Subo Merino sheep fetuses on the 65, 85, 105 and 135 day of gestational age were analyzed using paraffin section methods. [Result] The results showed that the hair follicle structure of Subo Merino sheep was in the same manner compared with other animals, which was composed of hair bulb, connective tissue sheath, outer root sheath, inner root sheath and hair shaft. At the embryonic age of 65 days,primary follicles has been formed hair germs, with the extension of the hair germs, and continue depth into the dermis, the columnar structure was formed. The cap-like structure was formed by the aggregation of a large number of dermal cells at the end parts; at this stage, the epidermis of each part were formed a complete structure. At the embryonic age of 85 days,the upper part of the hair follicle formed bulge, formed hair cone structure above the dermal papilla, hair bulb was basically formed, and the length of the hair papilla was larger than the width; the vesicle structure of the secondary follicle could be found at the bottom of the primary hair follicle, and also the original sebaceous cell were found. A great quantity of secondary follicles were formed at the embryonic age of 105 days; along with the extension of the primary follicles, secondary follicles inserted into the dermis layer, the diameter of the dermal papilla was gradually increased and sebaceous glands began to form; the secondary-derived follicles began to differentiate from the neck carina of the original secondary follicles, sw

关 键 词：苏博美利奴羊 毛囊结构 形态变化 初级毛囊 次级毛囊 再分化次级毛囊 

分 类 号：S826.86[农业科学—畜牧学]